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Erschienen in: Der Urologe 12/2012

01.12.2012 | Leitthema

Behandlungsverfahren der Blase bei Querschnittlähmung und Myelomeningozele

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. K.-D. Sievert, T.M. Kessler, B. Amend, G. Kiss, J. Pannek

Erschienen in: Die Urologie | Ausgabe 12/2012

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Zusammenfassung

Die Therapie der neurogenen Blasenfunktionsstörung (nBFS) bei Querschnittlähmung (SCI) und Myelomeningozele (MMC) ist primär konservativ und setzt am unteren Harntrakt an. So gilt heute z. B. die orale antimuskarinerge Medikation als Standardtherapie der neurogenen Detrusorüberaktivität. In den letzten Jahren stehen jedoch zunehmend Behandlungsoptionen, welche direkt oder indirekt Einfluss auf die Innervation des Harntrakts nehmen, im Fokus des Interesses. Die aktuelle Evidenzlage rechtfertigt den Einsatz von Nervenumleitungsoperationen bis heute nicht. Die vorliegenden präliminären Daten sind für MMC-Patienten deutlich positiver als für Personen mit traumatischer SCI. Die sakrale Neuromodulation stellt bei inkomplett querschnittgelähmten Patienten mit neurogener Blasenfunktionsstörung schon heute eine Therapieoption dar. Erste Daten weisen darauf hin, dass ein Einsatz bereits im spinalen Schock auch bei kompletter SCI die Entwicklung einer nBFS verhindern kann. Die Zulassung von Onabotulinumtoxin (Botox®) erleichtert den Einsatz dieser Substanz zur Therapie der nBFS, allerdings nur für die Indikation der neurogenen Detrusorüberaktivitätsinkontinenz in der Dosierung von 200 IE. Die genannten unkonventionellen Behandlungsverfahren stellen somit, obwohl z. T. kontrovers diskutiert, vielversprechende neue Behandlungsoptionen der nBFS dar.
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Metadaten
Titel
Behandlungsverfahren der Blase bei Querschnittlähmung und Myelomeningozele
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. K.-D. Sievert
T.M. Kessler
B. Amend
G. Kiss
J. Pannek
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2012
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Urologie / Ausgabe 12/2012
Print ISSN: 2731-7064
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7072
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-012-3052-x

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