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Erschienen in: Herz 8/2015

01.12.2015 | Schwerpunkt

Diagnose und Management der akuten pulmonalen Embolie

ESC-Leitlinien 2014

verfasst von: J.A. Saar, Prof. Dr. med. C. Maack

Erschienen in: Herz | Ausgabe 8/2015

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Zusammenfassung

Die akute Lungenembolie stellt eine Herausforderung bezüglich einer schnellen Diagnostik und risikoadaptierten Therapie dar. In den 2014 veröffentlichten Leitlinien der Europäischen Gesellschaft für Kardiologie (ESC) zur Diagnose und zum Management der akuten Lungenembolie gibt es einige neue Empfehlungen, basierend auf neuen Studiendaten. Hierzu zählen die Weiterentwicklung von Risiko-Scores sowie der Einsatz eines altersadaptierten D-Dimer-Grenzwertes. Zur Risikoabwägung bei Patienten ohne Schocksymptomatik empfiehlt sich die Anwendung des PESI- bzw. sPESI-Scores, bei intermediärem Risiko kann mit Hilfe der Computertomographie (CT)-Diagnostik oder der Echokardiographie der rechte Ventrikel schnell beurteilt werden sowie mittels laborchemischer Parameter eine weitere Risikostratifizierung erfolgen. Unterdessen haben die neuen oralen Antikoagulanzien (NOAK) Eingang in die Therapieempfehlungen der akuten venösen Thromboembolie und der Rezidivprophylaxe gefunden und sich als gute und sichere Alternative zur Standardtherapie mittels Heparin und Vitamin-K-Antagonisten herausgestellt. Die systemische thrombolytische Therapie sollte weiterhin aufgrund der möglichen Komplikationen in der Gruppe mit intermediär-hohem Risiko nur bei hämodynamischer Verschlechterung erwogen werden. Auf die Diagnostik und Therapie der Lungenembolie bei bestimmten Patientenpopulationen (insbesondere chronisch thromboembolische pulmonale Hypertonie, Patienten mit Malignomen oder Lungenembolie während der Schwangerschaft) wird in der aktuellen Leitlinie ebenso eingegangen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Diagnose und Management der akuten pulmonalen Embolie
ESC-Leitlinien 2014
verfasst von
J.A. Saar
Prof. Dr. med. C. Maack
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2015
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Herz / Ausgabe 8/2015
Print ISSN: 0340-9937
Elektronische ISSN: 1615-6692
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-015-4378-0

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