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Erschienen in: Der Hautarzt 6/2015

01.06.2015 | Proktologie | Leitthema

HPV-induzierte anale Läsionen

verfasst von: U. Wieland, Prof. Dr. A. Kreuter

Erschienen in: Die Dermatologie | Ausgabe 6/2015

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Zusammenfassung

Infektionen mit humanen Papillomviren (HPV) gehören zu den häufigsten sexuell übertragenen Infektionen des Menschen. Bisher wurden mehr als 200 komplett klassifizierte HPV-Typen beschrieben, von denen die zum Genus alpha gehörenden Typen überwiegend zu Infektionen des Anogenitalbereiches führen. Condylomata acuminata werden in mehr als 90 % durch die Low-risk-Typen HPV6 und HPV11 verursacht. Die Behandlung von Kondylomen kann in ablative (z. B. elektrokaustische Abtragung, oberflächliche Exzision oder Lasertherapie) und topische (z. B. Podophyllotoxin, Trichloressigsäure, Imiquimod) Verfahren eingeteilt werden und ist abhängig von der Größe, Lokalisation, Morphologie und anatomischen Region der Läsionen. Rezidive nach Therapie sind häufig. Aus diesem Grund spielen im klinischen Alltag Kombinationstherapien (z. B. topisch und ablativ) eine wichtige Rolle. Menschen mit HIV-Infektion, insbesondere HIV-positive Männer, die Sex mit Männern haben (MSM), haben ein stark erhöhtes Risiko für das Auftreten von analen Dysplasien und Analkarzinomen. Condylomata acuminata und ein großer Anteil von analen Dysplasien und Analkarzinomen sind durch prophylaktische HPV-Impfung verhinderbar.
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Metadaten
Titel
HPV-induzierte anale Läsionen
verfasst von
U. Wieland
Prof. Dr. A. Kreuter
Publikationsdatum
01.06.2015
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Die Dermatologie / Ausgabe 6/2015
Print ISSN: 2731-7005
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7013
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-015-3630-0

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