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Erschienen in: Herzschrittmachertherapie + Elektrophysiologie 4/2014

01.12.2014 | Schwerpunkt

Katheterablation bei persistierendem Vorhofflimmern

Status 2014

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. Isabel Deisenhofer

Erschienen in: Herzschrittmachertherapie + Elektrophysiologie | Ausgabe 4/2014

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Zusammenfassung

Die Katheterablation von persistierendem Vorhofflimmern ist eine der größten Herausforderungen in der modernen Elektrophysiologie. Die Ablationsstrategien reichen von der alleinigen Pulmonalvenenisolation (PVI) über linksatriale Linien bis zur Ablation von komplex fraktionierten atrialen Elektrogrammen (CFAE) sowie Kombinationen dieser Techniken. Mit der Fibrose-geführten Ablation und der Lokalisierung und Ablation von Vorhofflimmer-unterhaltenden Rotoren sind neue, vielversprechende Ablationsstrategien hinzugekommen. Die unterschiedlichen Verfahren beruhen auf verschiedenen Konzepten, was als der führende pathophysiologische Mechanismus der Vorhofflimmer-Perpetuierung verstanden wird: die sog. Multiple-wavelets-Theorie, arrhythmogene Foci (v. a. aus den Pulmonalvenen), instabile Mikro-Reentries, anatomisch festgelegte Zonen der langsamen Leitung in der Umgebung atrialer Narben oder (relativ stabile) Rotoren. In den letzten Jahren ist klar geworden, dass mit den oben geschilderten konventionellen Ablationstechniken oft mehr als eine Prozedur nötig ist, um stabilen Sinusrhythmus zu erreichen. Dagegen befinden sich die neuen Ablationskonzepte, wie die Fibrose-geführte Ablation oder die Rotorenablation, noch in der Evaluation.
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Metadaten
Titel
Katheterablation bei persistierendem Vorhofflimmern
Status 2014
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. Isabel Deisenhofer
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2014
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Herzschrittmachertherapie + Elektrophysiologie / Ausgabe 4/2014
Print ISSN: 0938-7412
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1544
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00399-014-0338-2

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