Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Gynäkologische Endokrinologie 3/2014

01.09.2014 | Menopause und Frauengesundheit

Körpergewicht und Körperzusammensetzung

Einfluss von Menopause und Hormonersatztherapie

verfasst von: M. Moser, P. Stute

Erschienen in: Gynäkologische Endokrinologie | Ausgabe 3/2014

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Frauen im Klimakterium beschreiben die Zunahme ihres Körpergewichts als eine der belastendsten Veränderungen während des menopausalen Übergangs.

Studienlage

Diverse Studien bestätigen, dass während der hormonellen Umstellung das Gesamtkörpergewicht durchschnittlich ansteigt. Studienergebnisse, die sich auf moderne Verfahren der Bildgebung stützen, deuten darauf hin, dass diese Gewichtszunahme insbesondere auf eine Akkumulation von viszeralem Fettgewebe zurückzuführen ist. Des Weiteren gibt es Hinweise darauf, dass eine Hormonersatztherapie dieser Entwicklung entgegenwirkt.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat o A (2011) Obesity and overweight. Fact sheet. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/# o A (2011) Obesity and overweight. Fact sheet. http://​www.​who.​int/​mediacentre/​factsheets/​fs311/​en/​#
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Bray G (2011) Etiology and natural history of obesity. In: Basow D (Hrsg) UpToDate. UpToDate in Waltham/MA. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/etiology-and-natural-history-of-obesity? source=search_result&search=obesity&selectedTitle=6 %7E150 Bray G (2011) Etiology and natural history of obesity. In: Basow D (Hrsg) UpToDate. UpToDate in Waltham/MA. http://​www.​uptodate.​com/​contents/​etiology-and-natural-history-of-obesity?​ source=search_result&search=obesity&selectedTitle=6 %7E150
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Taffet G (2012) Normal aging. In: UpToDate. S 1–29. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/normal-aging Taffet G (2012) Normal aging. In: UpToDate. S 1–29. http://​www.​uptodate.​com/​contents/​normal-aging
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Lovejoy J, Champagne C, Jonge L de et al (2008) Increased visceral fat and decreased energy expenditure during the menopausal transition. Int J Obes 32:949–958CrossRef Lovejoy J, Champagne C, Jonge L de et al (2008) Increased visceral fat and decreased energy expenditure during the menopausal transition. Int J Obes 32:949–958CrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Janssen I, Powell LH, Kazlauskaite R, Dugan SA (2010) Testosterone and visceral fat in midlife women: the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN) fat patterning study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 18:604–610 Janssen I, Powell LH, Kazlauskaite R, Dugan SA (2010) Testosterone and visceral fat in midlife women: the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN) fat patterning study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 18:604–610
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Sutton-Tyrrell K, Zhao X, Santoro N et al (2010) Reproductive hormones and obesity: 9 years of observation from the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation. Am J Epidemiol 171:1203–1213PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Sutton-Tyrrell K, Zhao X, Santoro N et al (2010) Reproductive hormones and obesity: 9 years of observation from the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation. Am J Epidemiol 171:1203–1213PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Macdonald HM, New SA, Campbell MK, Reid DM (2003) Longitudinal changes in weight in perimenopausal and early postmenopausal women: effects of dietary energy intake, energy expenditure, dietary calcium intake and hormone replacement therapy. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 27:669–676PubMedCrossRef Macdonald HM, New SA, Campbell MK, Reid DM (2003) Longitudinal changes in weight in perimenopausal and early postmenopausal women: effects of dietary energy intake, energy expenditure, dietary calcium intake and hormone replacement therapy. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 27:669–676PubMedCrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Sternfeld B, Wang H, Quesenberry CP et al (2004) Physical activity and changes in weight and waist circumference in midlife women: findings from the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation. Am J Epidemiol 160:912–922PubMedCrossRef Sternfeld B, Wang H, Quesenberry CP et al (2004) Physical activity and changes in weight and waist circumference in midlife women: findings from the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation. Am J Epidemiol 160:912–922PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Sowers M, Zheng H, Tomey K et al (2007) Changes in body composition in women over six years at midlife: ovarian and chronological aging. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92:895–901 Sowers M, Zheng H, Tomey K et al (2007) Changes in body composition in women over six years at midlife: ovarian and chronological aging. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92:895–901
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Davis SR, Castelo-Branco C, Chedraui P et al (2012) Understanding weight gain at menopause. Climacteric 15:419–429PubMedCrossRef Davis SR, Castelo-Branco C, Chedraui P et al (2012) Understanding weight gain at menopause. Climacteric 15:419–429PubMedCrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Toth MJ, Tchernof A, Sites CK, Poehlman ET (2000) Effect of menopausal status on body composition and abdominal fat distribution. Int J Obes relat Metab Disord 24:226–231PubMedCrossRef Toth MJ, Tchernof A, Sites CK, Poehlman ET (2000) Effect of menopausal status on body composition and abdominal fat distribution. Int J Obes relat Metab Disord 24:226–231PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Lovejoy J, Champagne C, Jonge L de et al (2008) Increased visceral fat and decreased energy expenditure during the menopausal transition. Int J Obes 32:949–958CrossRef Lovejoy J, Champagne C, Jonge L de et al (2008) Increased visceral fat and decreased energy expenditure during the menopausal transition. Int J Obes 32:949–958CrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Janssen I, Powell LH, Kazlauskaite R, Dugan SA (2010) Testosterone and visceral fat in midlife women: the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN) fat patterning study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 18:604–610 Janssen I, Powell LH, Kazlauskaite R, Dugan SA (2010) Testosterone and visceral fat in midlife women: the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN) fat patterning study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 18:604–610
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Trémollieres FA, Pouilles JM, Ribot CA (1996) Relative influence of age and menopause on total and regional body composition changes in postmenopausal women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 175:1594–1600PubMedCrossRef Trémollieres FA, Pouilles JM, Ribot CA (1996) Relative influence of age and menopause on total and regional body composition changes in postmenopausal women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 175:1594–1600PubMedCrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Kongnyuy E, Norman R, Flight I, Rees M (2011) Oestrogen and progestogen hormone replacement therapy for peri-menopausal and post-menopausal women: weight and body fat distribution (Review). The Cochrane Library. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD001018/abstract;jsessionid=9E8AFBFF65D3C9920A1460F0DAA8A324.d04t02 Kongnyuy E, Norman R, Flight I, Rees M (2011) Oestrogen and progestogen hormone replacement therapy for peri-menopausal and post-menopausal women: weight and body fat distribution (Review). The Cochrane Library. http://​onlinelibrary.​wiley.​com/​doi/​10.​1002/​14651858.​CD001018/​abstract;jsessionid=9E8AFBFF65D3C9920A1460F0DAA8A324.d04t02
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Sites CK, L’Hommedieu GD, Toth MJ et al (2005) The effect of hormone replacement therapy on body composition, body fat distribution, and insulin sensitivity in menopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90:2701–2707 Sites CK, L’Hommedieu GD, Toth MJ et al (2005) The effect of hormone replacement therapy on body composition, body fat distribution, and insulin sensitivity in menopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90:2701–2707
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Santen RJ, Allred DC, Ardoin SP et al (2013) Executive summary: postmenopausal hormone therapy: an Endocrine Society scientific statement. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95:1–66 Santen RJ, Allred DC, Ardoin SP et al (2013) Executive summary: postmenopausal hormone therapy: an Endocrine Society scientific statement. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95:1–66
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Salpeter SR, Walsh JME, Ormiston TM et al (2006) Meta-analysis: effect of hormone-replacement therapy on components of the metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. Diabetes Obes Metab 8:538–554PubMedCrossRef Salpeter SR, Walsh JME, Ormiston TM et al (2006) Meta-analysis: effect of hormone-replacement therapy on components of the metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. Diabetes Obes Metab 8:538–554PubMedCrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Chen Z, Bassford T, Green SB et al (2005) Postmenopausal hormone therapy and body composition — a substudy of the estrogen plus progestin trial of the Women’s Health Initiative. Am J Clin Nutr 82:651–656PubMed Chen Z, Bassford T, Green SB et al (2005) Postmenopausal hormone therapy and body composition — a substudy of the estrogen plus progestin trial of the Women’s Health Initiative. Am J Clin Nutr 82:651–656PubMed
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Mattiasson I, Rendell M, Törnquist C et al (2002) Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on abdominal fat compartments as related to glucose and lipid metabolism in early postmenopausal women. Horm Metab Res 34:583–588PubMedCrossRef Mattiasson I, Rendell M, Törnquist C et al (2002) Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on abdominal fat compartments as related to glucose and lipid metabolism in early postmenopausal women. Horm Metab Res 34:583–588PubMedCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Sumino H, Ichikawa S, Yoshida A et al (2003) Effects of hormone replacement therapy on weight, abdominal fat distribution, and lipid levels in Japanese postmenopausal women. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 27:1044–1051PubMedCrossRef Sumino H, Ichikawa S, Yoshida A et al (2003) Effects of hormone replacement therapy on weight, abdominal fat distribution, and lipid levels in Japanese postmenopausal women. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 27:1044–1051PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Jensen MD, Kanaley JA, Reed JE, Sheedy PF (1995) Measurement of abdominal and visceral fat with computed tomography and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Am J Clin Nutr 274–278 Jensen MD, Kanaley JA, Reed JE, Sheedy PF (1995) Measurement of abdominal and visceral fat with computed tomography and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Am J Clin Nutr 274–278
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Goodpaster BH, Krishnaswami S, Harris TB et al (2005) Obesity, regional body fat distribution, and the metabolic syndrome in older men and women. Arch Intern Med 165:777–783PubMedCrossRef Goodpaster BH, Krishnaswami S, Harris TB et al (2005) Obesity, regional body fat distribution, and the metabolic syndrome in older men and women. Arch Intern Med 165:777–783PubMedCrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Ikeoka D, Mader JK, Pieber TR (2010) Adipose tissue, inflammation and cardiovascular disease. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 56:116–121CrossRef Ikeoka D, Mader JK, Pieber TR (2010) Adipose tissue, inflammation and cardiovascular disease. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 56:116–121CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Clarkson TB (2007) Estrogen effects on arteries vary with stage of reproductive life and extent of subclinical atherosclerosis progression. Menopause 14(3 Pt 1):373–384PubMedCrossRef Clarkson TB (2007) Estrogen effects on arteries vary with stage of reproductive life and extent of subclinical atherosclerosis progression. Menopause 14(3 Pt 1):373–384PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Körpergewicht und Körperzusammensetzung
Einfluss von Menopause und Hormonersatztherapie
verfasst von
M. Moser
P. Stute
Publikationsdatum
01.09.2014
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Gynäkologische Endokrinologie / Ausgabe 3/2014
Print ISSN: 1610-2894
Elektronische ISSN: 1610-2908
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10304-014-0637-z

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3/2014

Gynäkologische Endokrinologie 3/2014 Zur Ausgabe

Update Gynäkologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert – ganz bequem per eMail.