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Erschienen in: Journal of Neurology 8/2015

01.08.2015 | Review

Neurogenic muscle cramps

verfasst von: Hans D. Katzberg

Erschienen in: Journal of Neurology | Ausgabe 8/2015

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Abstract

Muscle cramps are sustained, painful contractions of muscle and are prevalent in patients with and without medical conditions. The objective of this review is to present updates on the mechanism, investigation and treatment of neurogenic muscle cramps. PubMed and Embase databases were queried between January 1980 and July 2014 for English-language human studies. The American Academy of Neurology classification of studies (classes I–IV) was used to assess levels of evidence. Mechanical disruption, ephaptic transmission, disruption of sensory afferents and persistent inward currents have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurogenic cramps. Investigations are directed toward identifying physiological triggers or medical conditions predisposing to cramps. Although cramps can be self-limiting, disabling or sustained muscle cramps should prompt investigation for underlying medical conditions. Lifestyle modifications, treatment of underlying conditions, stretching, B-complex vitamins, diltiezam, mexiletine, carbamazepine, tetrahydrocannabinoid, leveteracitam and quinine sulfate have shown evidence for treatment.
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Metadaten
Titel
Neurogenic muscle cramps
verfasst von
Hans D. Katzberg
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2015
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Journal of Neurology / Ausgabe 8/2015
Print ISSN: 0340-5354
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-1459
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-015-7659-x

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