Erschienen in:
01.02.2016 | Original Contribution
Nutritional adequacy according to carbohydrates and fat quality
verfasst von:
Ana Sánchez-Tainta, Itziar Zazpe, Maira Bes-Rastrollo, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Mónica Bullo, José Vicente Sorlí, Dolores Corella, Mª Isabel Covas, Fernando Arós, Mario Gutierrez-Bedmar, Miquel Fiol, F. García de la Corte, Lluis Serra-Majem, Xavier Pinto, Helmut Schröeder, Emilio Ros, M. Carmen López-Sabater, Ramón Estruch, Miguel Angel Martínez-González, For the PREDIMED study investigators
Erschienen in:
European Journal of Nutrition
|
Ausgabe 1/2016
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Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the association between carbohydrate quality, fat quality or adherence to the Mediterranean diet and intake adequacy of 19 micronutrients in the PREDIMED (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea) trial, a multicenter, randomized, controlled, parallel group and primary prevention trial conducted in Spain.
Methods
We assessed baseline dietary intake of 6,542 elderly subjects at high cardiovascular risk through a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and a validated 14-item Mediterranean diet (Med-diet) score. We used a multidimensional carbohydrate quality index (CQI) using four criteria and a fat quality index (FQI) according to the ratio (MUFA + PUFA)/(SFA + TFA). The probability of intake adequacy was calculated comparing the intakes to DRI, and also using the probabilistic approach. Absolute and adjusted probability of having inadequate intake for either ≥6 DRI or ≥8 DRI were estimated to assess nutritional adequacy according to quintiles of each index.
Results
The lowest prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intake (≥8 DRI) was found in the highest quintile of CQI or Med-diet score, and in the lowest quintile of FQI (adjusted fold risk: 1.4, 3.4 and 10.2 respectively in comparison with the lowest quintile). P for trend <0.001 in three multivariable models. A higher CQI or Med-Diet score and a lower FQI were significantly associated with a lower fold risk of unmet EAR values.
Conclusions
A multidimensional assessment of CQI can be a useful tool to evaluate the quality of carbohydrates. This score and a 14-item Med-diet score were positively related to overall micronutrient adequacy in elderly participants.