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Erschienen in: Der Anaesthesist 5/2015

01.05.2015 | Originalien

Postoperative Agitation im Kindesalter

verfasst von: V. Lehmann, J. Giest, J. Wermelt, C. Bode, K. Becke, PD Dr. R. K. Ellerkmann, DESA

Erschienen in: Die Anaesthesiologie | Ausgabe 5/2015

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die Genese der postoperativen Agitation im Kindesalter ist bisher nicht eindeutig geklärt. Der Zusammenhang zwischen der Inzidenz und dem operativem Eingriff, dem Alter des Patienten und dem verwendeten Anästhesieregime ist in der Literatur beschrieben.

Ziel der Arbeit

Im Rahmen dieser Umfrage zwischen Februar und April 2014 sollten Daten von erfahrenen Kinderanästhesisten hinsichtlich der üblichen Praxis von Dokumentation, Prämedikation, Narkoseführung und postoperativem Umgang bei pädiatrischen Patienten mit postoperativer Agitation erhoben werden.

Material und Methode

Es wurde ein Onlinefragebogen mit 33 Fragen entwickelt, der über den E-Mail-Verteiler des Wissenschaftlichen Arbeitskreises Kinderanästhesie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin e. V. (DGAI) an alle 525 Mitglieder versendet wurde.

Ergebnisse

Den Fragebogen beantworteten 156 Mitglieder. Es waren 143 Fragebogen auswertbar (27 %). Von den Befragten wiesen 77 % eine über 6-jährige Berufserfahrung in der Kinderanästhesie auf, und 87  % der befragten Anästhesisten sahen die postoperative Agitation als relevantes klinisches Problem an. Die Inzidenz der postoperativen Agitation bei ihrem Patientenkollektiv gaben 56 % mit 1–10 % an, 20 % der Befragten sogar mit 11–20 %. Die schriftliche Dokumentation der postoperativen Agitation anhand von Scores fand nur bei 11 % der Befragten statt. Zur Prämedikation wird mit 89 % überwiegend Midazolam verwendet. Als präventive Maßnahme der 1. Wahl geben 56 % der Antwortenden die Durchführung einer totalen intravenösen Anästhesie (TIVA) an, während 30 % der Befragten die intraoperative Clonidingabe nennen. Zur medikamentösen Therapie der postoperativen Agitation im Aufwachraum verwenden 56 % der Anästhesisten Propofol und 26 % Clonidin. Die postoperative Anwesenheit der Eltern wurde von 82 % der befragten Anästhesisten befürwortet.

Schlussfolgerung

Die postoperative Agitation wird auch von Experten als klinisch relevantes Problem angesehen. Propofol hat den höchsten Stellenwert hinsichtlich Prävention und Therapie bei der postoperativen Agitation. Die postoperative Anwesenheit der Eltern wird von der Mehrzahl der befragten Anästhesisten befürwortet.
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Metadaten
Titel
Postoperative Agitation im Kindesalter
verfasst von
V. Lehmann
J. Giest
J. Wermelt
C. Bode
K. Becke
PD Dr. R. K. Ellerkmann, DESA
Publikationsdatum
01.05.2015
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Die Anaesthesiologie / Ausgabe 5/2015
Print ISSN: 2731-6858
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-6866
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-015-0026-6

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