Introduction
Methods
Setting
Sample
Baseline measures
Statistical analysis
Results
Aim 1: baseline prevalence of NEET status
Aim 2: baseline illness characteristics of NEET vs. non-NEET patients
Variable | Non-NEET at baseline | NEET at baseline |
X
2
|
p
|
---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) |
N (%) | |||
Gender (male) | 171 (68%) | 126 (77%) | 4.58 |
0.035
|
Marital status (single) | 231 (92%) | 153 (94%) | 0.88 | 0.432 |
Completed high school (age 18 or higher at PEPP entrya) | 164 (78%) | 80 (54%) | 23.10 |
0.000
|
Visible minority | 95 (39%) | 56 (36%) | 0.28 | 0.672 |
Living alone | 35 (15%) | 34 (21%) | 3.23 | 0.080 |
Primary diagnosis (schizophrenia-spectrum) | 171 (69%) | 128 (79%) | 4.55 |
0.041
|
Secondary diagnosis (substance abuse/dependence) | 126 (53%) | 95 (63%) | 3.45 | 0.075 |
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) |
t
|
p
| |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age at onset of FEP | 21.80 (3.89) | 21.94 (3.55) | − 0.35 | 0.723 |
Social Deprivation Indexb | 75.49 (20.45) | 76.64 (18.40) | − 0.55 | 0.584 |
Material Deprivation Indexb | 60.70 (29.48) | 63.54 (31.53) | − 0.88 | 0.377 |
SAPS total score | 34.08 (14.80) | 33.45 (15.11) | 0.42 | 0.675 |
SANS total score | 18.92 (12.42) | 25.33 (12.94) | − 4.99 |
0.000
|
CDSS total score | 5.22 (4.91) | 4.27 (4.59) | 1.94 | 0.054 |
Aim 3: Prodrome, premorbid adjustment and treatment delays of NEET vs. non-NEET patients
Prodrome and premorbid adjustment
Variable | Non-NEET at baseline | NEET at baseline |
t
|
p
|
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |||
PAS childhood social score | 0.18 (0.19) | 0.22 (0.23) | − 1.45 | 0.150 |
PAS childhood education score | 0.24 (0.19) | 0.26 (0.18) | − 1.21 | 0.227 |
PAS early adolescence social score | 0.23 (0.21) | 0.25 (0.25) | − 0.68 | 0.500 |
PAS early adolescence education score | 0.32 (0.25) | 0.37 (0.22) | − 1.65 | 0.100 |
PAS late adolescence social score | 0.23 (0.22) | 0.30 (0.28) | − 2.13 |
0.035
|
PAS late adolescence education score | 0.36 (0.26) | 0.48 (0.26) | − 3.51 |
0.001
|
Length of prodrome in weeksa | 1.33c (0.79) Median = 24.29 | 1.55c (0.77) Median = 51.86 | − 2.81 |
0.005
|
N (%) |
N (%) |
X
2
|
p
| |
---|---|---|---|---|
First psychiatric symptom is beginning of prodromeb | 108 (45%) | 96 (62%) | 10.35 |
0.001
|
Treatment delays
Variable | Non-NEET at baseline | NEET at baseline |
t
|
p
|
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |||
DUP (weeks) | 1.15a (0.63) Median = 13.00 Range = 0–1011.57 | 1.35a (0.65) Median = 18.64 Range = 0–455.57 | − 2.94 |
0.003
|
DUI (weeks) | 268.09 (248.18) Median = 193.57 Range = 1.00–1047.57 | 279.97 (256.07) Median = 218.29 Range = 0.14–1283.86 | − 0.46 | 0.650 |
DUP help-seeking (weeks) | 0.84a (0.64) Median = 4.50 Range = 0–327.86 | 0.94a(0.68) Median = 7.14 Range = 0–286.14 | − 1.57 | 0.118 |
DUP referral (weeks) | 0.54a (0.60) Median = 0.86 Range = − 13.57 to 313.43 | 0.67a (0.68) Median = 1.71 Range = − 3 to 437.57 | − 2.10 |
0.036
|
Total number of mental health contacts from first psychiatric change until PEPP entry | 4.36 (2.21) | 5.12 (2.86) | − 2.55 |
0.012
|
N (%) |
N (%) |
Χ
2
|
p
| |
---|---|---|---|---|
Type of first contact | 0.002 | 1.000 | ||
Physician | 121 (65%) | 86 (66%) | ||
Non-physician | 64 (35%) | 45 (34%) | ||
Source of referral to PEPP | 1.48 | 0.477 | ||
Emergency | 126 (51%) | 86 (53%) | ||
Physician | 88 (36%) | 49 (30%) | ||
Non-physician | 34 (14%) | 27 (17%) |
Variable |
B
| SE | Standardized beta |
t
|
p
| 95% confidence interval for B | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lower bound | Upper bound | ||||||
NEET status | 0.21 | 0.07 | 0.16 | 3.10 |
0.002
| 0.08 | 0.34 |
Age at onset of FEP | − 0.04 | 0.01 | − 0.21 | − 4.22 |
0.000
| − 0.05 | − 0.02 |
Gender | − 0.09 | 0.07 | − 0.06 | − 1.19 | 0.234 | − 0.23 | 0.06 |
Visible minority status | − 0.03 | 0.07 | − 0.03 | − 0.49 | 0.627 | − 0.16 | 0.10 |
Schizophrenia spectrum vs. affective Psychosis | − 0.50 | 0.07 | − 0.35 | − 6.83 |
0.000
| − 0.64 | − 0.35 |
SAPS at baseline | − 0.001 | 0.002 | − 0.03 | − 0.58 | 0.562 | − 0.01 | 0.003 |
SANS at baseline | − 0.001 | 0.003 | − 0.02 | − 0.43 | 0.666 | − 0.01 | 0.004 |
Substance use and dependence diagnosis at baseline | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.63 | 0.530 | − 0.09 | 0.18 |
CDSS at baseline | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.11 | 2.05 |
0.041
| 0.001 | 0.03 |