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Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

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20.07.2018 | Retinal Disorders

A novel classification of high myopia into anterior and posterior pathologic subtypes

verfasst von: Cassie A. Ludwig, Ryan A. Shields, Tiffany A. Chen, Matthew A. Powers, D. Wilkin Parke III, Andrew A. Moshfeghi, Darius M. Moshfeghi

Erschienen in: Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology | Ausgabe 10/2018

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Abstract

Purpose

High myopia and pathologic myopia are common causes of visual morbidity. Myopic pathology can affect all regions of the retina, though there is currently no classification system to distinguish anterior (peripheral) and posterior (macular) pathology. We hypothesize that these classifications are characterized by distinct demographic and refractive features, highlighting the disparity in types of pathologic myopia.

Methods

Institutional retrospective cohort study. The Stanford University Medical Center Clinical Data Warehouse was used to identify patients with high myopia by ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes. Predetermined ICD diagnoses were then used to classify patients with high myopia into isolated high myopia (IHM), anterior pathologic myopia (APM), posterior pathologic myopia (PPM), and combined pathologic myopia (CPM). A cohort of this population was then manually reviewed to gather refractive data and confirm accuracy of ICD coding.

Results

Patients (3274) were identified with high myopia. Overall, 22.1% individuals met criteria for APM, 10.7% for PPM, 17.0% for CPM, and 50.2% for IHM. We identified a significantly higher frequency of females with PPM compared to APM (62.3 vs. 48.3%; OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.34 to 2.25), Asian patients with PPM as compared to APM (42.9 vs. 33.3%; OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.95), and younger patients with APM compared to PPM (median 45.3 vs. 63.4 years). The refractive error was significantly more myopic in the CPM (median − 9.8D; interquartile range, IQR 6.7) and PPM (median − 10.5D; IQR 9.8) subgroups as compared to the APM (median − 8.1D; IQR 3.5), and IHM (median − 8.2D; IQR 4.1) subgroups (p = 0.003).

Conclusions

High myopia may be divided into four distinct subgroups based on presence and location of pathology, which is associated with differences in age, gender, race, and refractive error.

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Titel: A novel classification of high myopia into anterior and posterior pathologic subtypes
verfasst von: Cassie A. Ludwig
Ryan A. Shields
Tiffany A. Chen
Matthew A. Powers
D. Wilkin Parke III
Andrew A. Moshfeghi
Darius M. Moshfeghi
Publikationsdatum: 20.07.2018
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology / Ausgabe 10/2018
Print ISSN: 0721-832X
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-702X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-018-4071-0

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A novel classification of high myopia into anterior and posterior pathologic subtypes

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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