A prospective study on endocrine function in patients with long-COVID symptoms
- 24.11.2023
- Original Article
Erschienen in:
- Verfasst von
- Panagiotis Mourelatos
- Charikleia S. Vrettou
- Aristidis Diamantopoulos
- Alice G. Vassiliou
- Edison Jahaj
- Anna Angelousi
- Maria Pratikaki
- Paraskevi Katsaounou
- Anastasia Kotanidou
- Dimitra A. Vassiliadi
- Ioanna Dimopoulou
- Erschienen in
- Hormones | Ausgabe 1/2024
Abstract
Objective
To investigate hormonal status in patients with long-COVID and explore the interrelationship between hormone levels and long-COVID symptoms.
Design
Prospective observational study.
Participants
Patients who visited our long-COVID outpatients’ clinic due to long-COVID symptoms from February 2021 to December 2022.
Measurements
Total triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, thyrotropin, thyroglobulin, anti-thyroperoxidase, and antithyroglobulin autoantibodies were measured for thyroid assessment. Other hormones measured were growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), serum cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), total testosterone, plasma insulin, and C-peptide. Blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin were also measured. To assess adrenal reserve, an ACTH stimulation test was performed. The fatigue assessment scale (FAS) was used to evaluate fatigue severity.
Results
Eighty-four adult patients were included. Overall, 40.5% of the patients had at least one endocrine disorder. These included prediabetes (21.4%), low DHEA-S (21.4%), subclinical hypothyroidism (3.6%), non-specific thyroid function abnormality (7.1%), thyroid autoimmunity (7.1%), low testosterone in males (6.6%), and low IGF-1 (3.6%). All patients had normal adrenal reserve. Long-COVID-19 symptoms were present in all patients and the most commonly reported symptom was fatigue (89.3%). The FAS score was higher than normal (≥ 22) in 42.8% of patients. There were no associations between patients’ symptoms and hormone levels. Diabetic patients reported confusion (p = 0.020) and hair loss (p = 0.040) more often than non-diabetics.
Conclusions
The evaluation of endocrine function 3 months after a positive SARS-CoV2 test revealed only subclinical syndromes. The vast majority of patients reported mainly fatigue, among other symptoms, which were unrelated, however, to endocrine function.
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- Titel
- A prospective study on endocrine function in patients with long-COVID symptoms
- Verfasst von
-
Panagiotis Mourelatos
Charikleia S. Vrettou
Aristidis Diamantopoulos
Alice G. Vassiliou
Edison Jahaj
Anna Angelousi
Maria Pratikaki
Paraskevi Katsaounou
Anastasia Kotanidou
Dimitra A. Vassiliadi
Ioanna Dimopoulou
- Publikationsdatum
- 24.11.2023
- Verlag
- Springer International Publishing
- Erschienen in
-
Hormones / Ausgabe 1/2024
Print ISSN: 1109-3099
Elektronische ISSN: 2520-8721 - DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-023-00511-0
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