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06.01.2025 | Adenokarzinom des ösophagogastralen Übergangs | Leitthema

Perioperative Therapiekonzepte bei Adenokarzinomen des Ösophagus und des gastroösophagealen Übergangs

verfasst von: Magdalena K. Scheck, Prof. Dr. Sylvie Lorenzen

Erschienen in: Die Onkologie

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Während die Inzidenz von Plattenepithelkarzinomen des Ösophagus in westlichen Ländern abnimmt, zeigt sich aktuell ein Zuwachs an Adenokarzinomen des Ösophagus und des gastroösophagealen Übergangs (AEG) [42]. Ösophaguskarzinome präsentieren weltweit die siebthäufigste Krebserkrankung und gehen mit einer der höchsten Letalitätsraten einher. In Deutschland werden jährlich mehr als 7000 Ösophaguskarzinome neu diagnostiziert [32]. Etwa 60 % der Erstdiagnosen befindet sich in einem resektablen Stadium [25].

Ziel

Es erfolgt die Darstellung der aktuellen leitliniengerechten Therapie und der neuen Entwicklungen in der perioperativen Therapie von Adenokarzinomen des Ösophagus und des gastroösophagealen Übergangs.

Methoden

Diese Arbeit basiert auf einer themenbezogenen selektiven Literaturrecherche in der Datenbank PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov und aktueller Leitlinien.

Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerung

Laut aktuellen Leitlinien sind bei der perioperativen Therapie fortgeschrittener resektabler AEG- und Ösophaguskarzinome (≥ T2- und/oder N+-Tumoren) die präoperative Radiochemotherapie nach CROSS-Schema und eine perioperative Chemotherapie mit FLOT (5-Fluorouracil, Folinsäure, Oxaliplatin, Docetaxel) mögliche Therapieoptionen. Aktuelle Ergebnisse (ESOPEC-Studie) zeigen einen klaren Vorteil der perioperativen Chemotherapie. Um die perioperative Chemotherapie weiterhin zu verbessern, wird in Studien die Hinzunahme von Checkpointinhibitoren (Studien MATTERHORN, KEYNOTE-585, DANTE) oder anderer zielgerichteter Therapien wie HER2-Antikörper (Studien HER-FLOT, INNOVATION) untersucht. Ob die hierdurch erreichte Verbesserung der Rate an pathologischen Komplettremissionen sich auch in eine Verlängerung des Überlebens übersetzt, bleibt final abzuwarten.
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Metadaten
Titel
Perioperative Therapiekonzepte bei Adenokarzinomen des Ösophagus und des gastroösophagealen Übergangs
verfasst von
Magdalena K. Scheck
Prof. Dr. Sylvie Lorenzen
Publikationsdatum
06.01.2025
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Onkologie
Print ISSN: 2731-7226
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7234
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-024-01643-7

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