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Erschienen in: Der Onkologe 5/2004

01.05.2004 | Leitthema

Aktuelle Entwicklungen in der Therapie von Knochenmetastasen

Strahlentherapie, operative Verfahren, Bisphosphonate

verfasst von: Priv.-Doz. Dr. M. Bremer, P.-U. Tunn, D. Peest, J. H. Karstens

Erschienen in: Die Onkologie | Ausgabe 5/2004

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Zusammenfassung

Bei der Behandlung von Knochenmetastasen hat ein interdisziplinär abgestimmtes Vorgehen einen hohen Stellenwert. Behandlungsziele sind Schmerzlinderung mit Verbesserung der Lebensqualität, Wiederherstellung von Stabilität und Funktion mit Vermeidung bzw. Behandlung pathologischer Frakturen sowie bei Metastasen mit Kompression von Rückenmark oder Nervenwurzeln die Verhinderung bzw. Rückbildung metastatisch bedingter neurologischer Defizite.
Durch die Strahlentherapie ist eine Linderung metastasenbedingter Schmerzen in 70–90% der Fälle erreichbar, wobei die verschiedenen Fraktionierungskonzepte hinsichtlich der Schmerzreduktion gleichwertig erscheinen. Soweit jedoch über die Schmerzlinderung hinaus weitere Behandlungsziele von Relevanz sind, gibt es Untergruppen von Patienten, welche von einer stärker fraktionierten Bestrahlung und der damit erzielbaren höheren biologisch wirksamen Gesamtdosis profitieren dürften. Grundlage für die optimale operative Therapie von Knochenmetastasen ist die Kenntnis und Beherrschung aller Operationsverfahren im interdisziplinären Konzept unter Berücksichtigung von Metastasenlokalisation, Ausdehnung und Anforderung an die statische Belastung sowie der Prognose des Patienten. In zahlreichen Studien, insbesondere beim multiplen Myelom und metastasierten Brustkrebs konnte die Bedeutung der Bisphosphonate für die Reduktion knochenrelevanter Ereignisse gezeigt werden. Der Einsatz von Bisphosphonaten bewirkt eine Verbesserung der Lebensqualität, jedoch keine Lebensverlängerung.
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Metadaten
Titel
Aktuelle Entwicklungen in der Therapie von Knochenmetastasen
Strahlentherapie, operative Verfahren, Bisphosphonate
verfasst von
Priv.-Doz. Dr. M. Bremer
P.-U. Tunn
D. Peest
J. H. Karstens
Publikationsdatum
01.05.2004
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Onkologie / Ausgabe 5/2004
Print ISSN: 2731-7226
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7234
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-004-0705-4

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