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Erschienen in: Die Orthopädie 10/2022

07.09.2022 | Akute lymphatische Leukämie | Leitthema

Osteonekrosen – gravierende Therapiefolge bei akuter lymphoblastischer Leukämie

verfasst von: PD Dr. Michaela Kuhlen, Marina Kunstreich, Nicola Gökbuget, Gabriele Escherich

Erschienen in: Die Orthopädie | Ausgabe 10/2022

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Zusammenfassung

Osteonekrosen treten als schwerwiegende Komplikation bei Kindern, Jugendlichen und Erwachsenen mit akuter lymphoblastischer Leukämie akut unter Therapie aber auch als Spätfolge auf. Diese gehen mit starken Schmerzen, Einschränkungen der Mobilität, Gelenkdestruktion und erheblicher Langzeitmorbidität einher. Die kumulative Inzidenz bei Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen beträgt 11–20 %. Bei symptomatischen Patienten sind häufig multiple Gelenke betroffen, die multiple Gelenkbeteiligung ist ein Risikofaktor für einen schweren Verlauf. Leukämieassoziierte Osteonekrosen haben eine multifaktorielle Genese. Risikofaktoren umfassen v. a. die Gabe von Kortikosteroiden und Asparaginase. Diese verursachen eine Hypertriglyzeridämie, Hypercholesterolämie und arterielle Hypertonie, die die Blutzufuhr zum Knochen beeinträchtigen können. Weitere Risikofaktoren sind Bakteriämien, genetische Faktoren und eine Stammzelltransplantation. Die Therapie ist herausfordernd und bisher nicht evidenzbasiert, präventive Ansätze wurden bisher vor allem in präklinischen Modellen getestet.
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Metadaten
Titel
Osteonekrosen – gravierende Therapiefolge bei akuter lymphoblastischer Leukämie
verfasst von
PD Dr. Michaela Kuhlen
Marina Kunstreich
Nicola Gökbuget
Gabriele Escherich
Publikationsdatum
07.09.2022
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Orthopädie / Ausgabe 10/2022
Print ISSN: 2731-7145
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7153
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-022-04301-1

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