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Erschienen in: Medizinische Klinik - Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin 5/2014

01.06.2014 | Leitthema

Akute Nierenschädigung und Sepsis

verfasst von: PD Dr. M. Oppert

Erschienen in: Medizinische Klinik - Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin | Ausgabe 5/2014

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die akute Nierendysfunktion (AKI) ist ein wichtiges Organversagen, das die Prognose bei Patienten mit schwerer Sepsis erheblich negativ beeinflusst.

Methodik

In dieser Arbeit werden die pathophysiologischen Ursachen sowie die konservative und extrakorporale Therapie bei Patienten mit schwerer Sepsis und Nierendysfunktion beschrieben.

Ergebnisse

Therapeutisch stehen zunächst die Infektsanierung und hämodynamische Stabilisierung mittels Volumentherapie und Katecholamingabe im Vordergrund. Bei sich abzeichnend anhaltend schlechter Nierenfunktion sollte frühzeitig eine extrakorporale Therapie eingeleitet werden. Grundsätzlich sind sowohl intermittierende als auch kontinuierliche Verfahren geeignet. In der Praxis wird in der (hämodynamisch instabilen) Initialphase ein kontinuierliches Verfahren favorisiert.

Diskussion

Die Vorstellung, dass ein AKI durch Nierenersatztherapie einfach überwunden werden kann, wird der Komplexität der Erkrankung nicht gerecht. Wichtig ist, die Dynamik der Erkrankung hinsichtlich der Dosisfindung und der Modalität des Nierenersatzverfahrens zu beachten. Eine Reduktion von Antibiotikadosierungen gemäß der eingeschränkten Nierenfunktion ist ebenso wichtig wie die Erhöhung der selbigen unter der Nierenersatztherapie.
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Metadaten
Titel
Akute Nierenschädigung und Sepsis
verfasst von
PD Dr. M. Oppert
Publikationsdatum
01.06.2014
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Medizinische Klinik - Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin / Ausgabe 5/2014
Print ISSN: 2193-6218
Elektronische ISSN: 2193-6226
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00063-013-0340-1

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