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2016 | Allergie und Atopie in der Pädiatrie | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

40. Allergie und Umwelt

verfasst von : U. Krämer, Prof. Dr. rer. nat., J. Buters, Prof. Dr. rer. nat., J. Ring, Prof. Dr. med. Dr. phil., H. Behrendt, Prof. Dr. med.

Erschienen in: Allergologie

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Zusammenfassung

Allergien und im speziellen hier atopieassoziierte Typ-I-Reaktionen sind klassische Umwelterkrankungen, wobei die auslösenden Substanzen (das sind die Allergene) großteils bereits charakterisiert und in rekombinanter Form erhältlich sind. Neben dieser Kausalkette, Allergen und Sensibilisierung gegenüber diesem Allergen, wirken Umwelteinflüsse unterschiedlichster Art modulierend – verstärkend oder protektiv – auf die Allergieentwicklung ein. Dabei muss zwischen biogenen und anthropogenen Umweltfaktoren unterschieden werden. Unter den allergiefördernden Faktoren kommt im Innenraum dem Tabakrauch, in der Außenluft der Exposition durch Verkehrsbelastung eine entscheidende Rolle zu. In der Außenluft bestehen Interaktionen zwischen den Allergenträgern (z. B. Pollen) und Luftschadstoffen, die u. U. zur weiteren Verstärkung allergischer Reaktionen, insbesondere in der Symptomverschlechterung, eine Rolle spielen. Durch den Klimawandel mit zunehmender globaler Erwärmung wird eine Veränderung der saisonalen Verteilung und weitere Häufung von allergischen Erkrankungen mit regional neuen bzw. veränderten Allergenen zu erwarten sein.
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Metadaten
Titel
Allergie und Umwelt
verfasst von
U. Krämer, Prof. Dr. rer. nat.
J. Buters, Prof. Dr. rer. nat.
J. Ring, Prof. Dr. med. Dr. phil.
H. Behrendt, Prof. Dr. med.
Copyright-Jahr
2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37203-2_40

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