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Journal of Neural Transmission

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01.12.2017 | High Impact Review in Neuroscience, Neurology or Psychiatry - Review Article

Amyloid β oligomers (AβOs) in Alzheimer’s disease

verfasst von: Barbara Mroczko, Magdalena Groblewska, Ala Litman-Zawadzka, Johannes Kornhuber, Piotr Lewczuk

Erschienen in: Journal of Neural Transmission | Ausgabe 2/2018

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Abstract

The causative role of amyloid β 1–42 (Aβ42) aggregation in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been under debate for over 25 years. Primarily, scientific efforts have focused on the dyshomeostasis between production and clearance of Aβ42. This imbalance may result from mutations either in genes for the substrate, i.e., amyloid precursor protein or in genes encoding presenilin, the enzyme of the reaction that generates Aβ42. Currently, it is supposed that soluble oligomers of amyloid beta (AβOs) and not fibrillar Aβ42 within neuritic plaques may be the toxic factors acting on a very early stage of AD, perhaps even initiating pathological cascade. For example, soluble AβOs isolated from AD patients’ brains reduced number of synapses, inhibited long-term potentiation, and enhanced long-term synaptic depression in brain regions responsible for memory in animal models of AD. Concentrations of AβOs in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of AD patients are often reported higher than in non-demented controls, and show a negative correlation with mini-mental state examination scores. Furthermore, increased Aβ42/oligomer ratio in the CSF of AD/MCI patients indicated that the presence of soluble AβOs in CSF may be linked to lowering of natively measured monomeric Aβ42 by epitopes masking, and hence, concentrations of AβOs in the CSF are postulated to as useful AD biomarkers.

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Titel: Amyloid β oligomers (AβOs) in Alzheimer’s disease
verfasst von: Barbara Mroczko
Magdalena Groblewska
Ala Litman-Zawadzka
Johannes Kornhuber
Piotr Lewczuk
Publikationsdatum: 01.12.2017
Verlag: Springer Vienna
Erschienen in: Journal of Neural Transmission / Ausgabe 2/2018
Print ISSN: 0300-9564
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1463
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-017-1820-x

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Springer Medizin

Amyloid β oligomers (AβOs) in Alzheimer’s disease

Abstract

Leitlinien kompakt für die Neurologie

Neu im Fachgebiet Neurologie

Antihypertensiva schützen auch alte Menschen noch vor Demenz

Spinale Muskelatrophie: Neugeborenen-Screening lohnt sich

Manche Gestagene können das Risiko für Meningeome erhöhen

Parkinson: Größere Studie bestätigt Genauigkeit von Hauttest

Update Neurologie

Live-Webinar: Aktuelle Leitlinien bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen

Springer Medizin

Abstract

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Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2018

Botulinum toxin therapy in patients with oral anticoagulation: is it safe?

Low left amygdala volume is associated with a longer duration of unipolar depression

Issues on the diagnosis and etiopathogenesis of mood disorders: reconsidering DSM-5

Risky decision-making and affective features of impulse control disorders in Parkinson’s disease

High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for tinnitus modulation: a preliminary trial

Cross-national gender variations of digit ratio (2D:4D) correlate with life expectancy, suicide rate, and other causes of death

Leitlinien kompakt für die Neurologie

Neu im Fachgebiet Neurologie

Antihypertensiva schützen auch alte Menschen noch vor Demenz

Spinale Muskelatrophie: Neugeborenen-Screening lohnt sich

Manche Gestagene können das Risiko für Meningeome erhöhen

Parkinson: Größere Studie bestätigt Genauigkeit von Hauttest

Update Neurologie