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Erschienen in: Digestive Diseases and Sciences 6/2022

31.08.2021 | Original Article

An Analysis of 5 Years of Randomized Trials in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Reveals 52 Medical Reversals

verfasst von: Margot C. Yopes, Alexander M. Mozeika, Simon Liebling, Alyson Haslam, Vinay Prasad, Benjamin Lebwohl

Erschienen in: Digestive Diseases and Sciences | Ausgabe 6/2022

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Abstract

Background and Aims

One manifestation of low-value medical practice is the medical reversal, a practice in widespread use that, once subjected to a randomized controlled trial (RCT), is found to be no better—or worse—than a prior established standard of care. We aimed to determine the prevalence of medical reversals in gastroenterology (GI) journals and characterize these reversals.

Methods

We searched the American Journal of Gastroenterology, Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Gut, Hepatology, and the Journal of Hepatology, reviewing studies published in 2015–2019. We identified RCTs that tested an established clinical practice and produced negative results, considered tentative reversals. Any systematic review or meta-analysis that included the article was categorized as confirming the reversal, refuting the reversal, or providing insufficient data.

Results

During the 5-year period, we identified 5,898 original articles, of which 212 tested an established practice and 52 were categorized as unrefuted medical reversals (25% of articles testing standard of care). Of the reversals, 21 (40%) tested procedures and devices, 15 (29%) tested medications, and 8 (15%) tested vitamins/supplements/diet. Twenty-three (44%) considered the alimentary tract, 12 (23%) considered the liver, pancreas, or biliary tract, and 17 (33%) considered endoscopy. Thirty-eight (73%) were funded exclusively by non-industry sources.

Conclusion

This review reveals a total of 52 reversals across all subfields of GI and medical, procedural, screening, and diagnostic interventions, occurring in 25% of randomized trials testing an established practice. More research is needed to determine the optimal way to engage stakeholders and remove reversed practices from medical care.
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Metadaten
Titel
An Analysis of 5 Years of Randomized Trials in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Reveals 52 Medical Reversals
verfasst von
Margot C. Yopes
Alexander M. Mozeika
Simon Liebling
Alyson Haslam
Vinay Prasad
Benjamin Lebwohl
Publikationsdatum
31.08.2021
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Digestive Diseases and Sciences / Ausgabe 6/2022
Print ISSN: 0163-2116
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-2568
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-021-07199-5

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