Background
Methods
Development of draft questionnaire
Validation and revision of questionnaire by a pilot interview survey
Internet survey
Results
Demographics
Number | % | |
---|---|---|
Total Number (Male/Female) | 1668 | |
Male / Female | 831 / 837 | 49.8 / 50.2 |
Age (Male/Female) | ||
20’s Male / 20’s Female | 205 / 210 | 12.3 / 12.6 |
30’s Male / 30’s Female | 210 / 217 | 12.6 / 13.0 |
40’s Male / 40’s Female | 209 / 210 | 12.6 / 12.6 |
50~ 60’s Male / 50~ 60’s Female | 207 / 200 | 12.4 / 12.0 |
Profession | ||
Agriculture, fisheries, forestry, mining | 16 | 1.0 |
Productions | 242 | 14.6 |
Retails | 86 | 5.2 |
Civil engineering and construction, Real Estate, Building Services, Transportation, Warehouse Logistics related | 181 | 10.9 |
Communication industry, Software, Information processing, Other information service | 105 | 6.3 |
Electricity, Gas, Heat supply Water supply | 26 | 1.6 |
Finance, Insurance | 39 | 2.3 |
Food, Accommodation, Travel services | 26 | 1.6 |
Education, Learning support | 155 | 9.3 |
Welfare | 32 | 1.9 |
Housewife | 281 | 16.8 |
Student | 158 | 9.5 |
Unemployed | 123 | 7.4 |
Others | 198 | 11.8 |
Final Education | ||
Middle school | 15 | 0.9 |
High school | 321 | 19.2 |
Special college | 226 | 13.5 |
University | 965 | 57.9 |
Graduate school | 134 | 8.0 |
Others | 7 | 0.4 |
Health condition | ||
Very good | 141 | 8.5 |
Good | 562 | 33.7 |
Acceptable | 708 | 42.4 |
Bad | 241 | 14.4 |
Long-term diseases and disorders | ||
Yes | 539 | 32.3 |
Hypertension | 140 | 26.0 |
Stroke (cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, etc.) | 12 | 2.2 |
Heart disease | 15 | 2.8 |
Diabetes | 54 | 10.0 |
Dyslipidemia (hyperlipidemia) | 54 | 10.0 |
Respiratory illness | 65 | 12.1 |
Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (gastrointestinal, liver, gall bladder, pancreas, etc.) | 139 | 25.8 |
Kidney and urological diseases | 43 | 8.0 |
Musculoskeletal diseases (osteoporosis, arthropathy, back pain, etc.) | 103 | 19.1 |
Trauma (falls, fractures, etc.) | 13 | 2.4 |
Cancer (including blood cancer and sarcoma) | 12 | 2.2 |
Blood disease (other than tumor) | 14 | 2.6 |
Immune disease (such as collagen disease) | 18 | 3.3 |
Mental disorders such as depression / dementia | 54 | 10.0 |
Nose disease | 94 | 17.4 |
Eye disease | 80 | 14.8 |
Ear disease | 39 | 7.2 |
Skin disease | 114 | 21.2 |
Tooth disease | 123 | 22.8 |
Others | 51 | 9.5 |
No | 1129 | 67.7 |
Subscribing to private medical insurance | ||
Subscribe | 1109 | 66.5 |
Not subscribe | 559 | 33.5 |
Healthcare providers
Health care providers | Visiteda (%) | Motivationa (%) | Helpfulnessa (%) (Very and somewhat) | Number of visitb | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acute illnessc | Long-term illnessd | Improvement of well-being | Others | ||||
Physicians | 67.9 | 35.1 | 30.0 | 27.7 | 7.2 | 94.8 | 2.6 |
Korean medical doctor | 20.7 | 26.7 | 29.6 | 38.3 | 5.5 | 89.6 | 3.0 |
Dentist | 35.9 | 23.1 | 22.2 | 46.5 | 8.2 | 97.0 | 1.7 |
Pharmacist | 43.5 | 42.0 | 20.7 | 33.1 | 4.3 | 93.2 | 3.0 |
Nurse | 22.4 | 41.4 | 19.8 | 31.8 | 7.0 | 93.6 | 2.9 |
Maternity nurse | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 1.0 |
Massage practitioner / Acupressure therapist | 9.7 | 6.8 | 14.8 | 75.3 | 3.1 | 89.5 | 2.8 |
Acupuncturist / Moxibustionist | 2.0 | 21.2 | 42.4 | 36.4 | 0.0 | 90.9 | 2.9 |
Judo therapist (Bonesetter) | 0.3 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 20.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 2.2 |
Nutritionist | 1.6 | 3.7 | 0.0 | 92.6 | 3.7 | 77.8 | 4.9 |
Yoga instructor | 3.6 | 0.0 | 6.7 | 90.0 | 3.3 | 88.4 | 11.5 |
Chiropractor | 1.4 | 20.8 | 37.5 | 41.7 | 0.0 | 83.4 | 2.2 |
Manual therapist | 3.7 | 24.6 | 34.4 | 39.3 | 1.6 | 88.6 | 2.8 |
Aromatherapist / Herb therapist | 3.2 | 11.3 | 7.5 | 75.5 | 5.7 | 84.9 | 2.3 |
Spiritual therapist | 0.8 | 0.0 | 61.5 | 38.5 | 0.0 | 92.3 | 1.6 |
Homeopathy therapist | 0.6 | 30.0 | 40.0 | 30.0 | 0.0 | 90.0 | 3.0 |
Others | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 80.0 | 2.4 |
Not received medical / health services | 14.2 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1.0 |
CAM treatments received from physicians
CAM treatments | Receivedb (%) | Motivationb (%) | Helpfulnessb (%) (Very and somewhat) | Number of visitc | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
among the visitors to physicians (1132) | among total respondentsa (1668) | Acute illnessd | Long-term illnesse | Improvement of well-being | Others | |||
Acupuncture and moxibustion | 15.9 | 10.8 | 28.9 | 33.3 | 35.6 | 2.2 | 88.9 | 4.6 |
Massage | 8.1 | 5.5 | 13.0 | 22.8 | 60.9 | 3.3 | 85.9 | 3.7 |
Bone-setting | 1.0 | 0.7 | 45.5 | 36.4 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 81.9 | 2.9 |
Bodywork | 6.2 | 4.2 | 25.7 | 34.3 | 37.1 | 2.9 | 81.5 | 3.2 |
Chiropractic | 2.4 | 1.6 | 29.6 | 33.3 | 37.0 | 0.0 | 92.6 | 2.1 |
Cupping | 6.1 | 4.1 | 33.3 | 21.7 | 39.1 | 5.8 | 85.5 | 3.0 |
Diet therapy | 8.0 | 5.4 | 9.9 | 33.0 | 57.1 | 0.0 | 83.5 | 4.1 |
Starvation diet | 1.3 | 0.9 | 26.7 | 20.0 | 46.7 | 6.7 | 73.4 | 2.3 |
Dietary supplement | 18.5 | 12.6 | 3.8 | 21.5 | 73.7 | 1.0 | 80.4 | 12.4 |
Herb therapy | 1.2 | 0.8 | 7.1 | 28.6 | 64.3 | 0.0 | 71.4 | 2.0 |
Aromatherapy | 2.4 | 1.6 | 11.1 | 18.5 | 63.0 | 7.4 | 96.3 | 4.1 |
Hyperthermia | 7.6 | 5.2 | 29.1 | 32.6 | 34.9 | 3.5 | 89.5 | 4.1 |
Magnet therapy | 1.8 | 1.2 | 30.0 | 25.0 | 45.0 | 0.0 | 95.0 | 3.4 |
Spa therapy | 3.4 | 2.3 | 5.1 | 17.9 | 76.9 | 0.0 | 89.7 | 3.3 |
Music therapy | 1.2 | 0.8 | 14.3 | 35.7 | 50.0 | 0.0 | 78.6 | 2.4 |
Forest therapy | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 18.2 | 81.8 | 0.0 | 72.8 | 1.5 |
Homeopathy | 0.7 | 0.5 | 50.0 | 12.5 | 37.5 | 0.0 | 87.5 | 1.4 |
Ayurveda | 0.3 | 0.2 | 33.3 | 33.3 | 33.3 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 1.3 |
Yoga | 3.4 | 2.3 | 5.3 | 7.9 | 81.6 | 5.3 | 81.6 | 10.0 |
Qigong | 1.1 | 0.7 | 15.4 | 38.5 | 46.2 | 0.0 | 92.3 | 6.2 |
Traditional Korean medicines (decoction) | 9.0 | 6.1 | 24.5 | 31.4 | 42.2 | 2.0 | 90.2 | 1.8 |
Manufactured traditional Korean medicines for prescription | 11.4 | 7.7 | 30.2 | 26.4 | 41.1 | 2.3 | 88.3 | 2.1 |
OTC traditional Korean medicines | 26.7 | 18.1 | 36.4 | 24.2 | 36.4 | 3.0 | 84.8 | 2.5 |
Spiritual therapy | 1.8 | 1.2 | 5.0 | 50.0 | 45.0 | 0.0 | 80.0 | 2.9 |
Other | 35.6 | 24.2 | 16.3 | 42.9 | 32.7 | 8.2 | 85.8 | 6.3 |
CAM treatments received from Korean medical doctors
CAM treatments | Receivedb (%) | Motivationb (%) | Helpfulnessb (%) (Very and somewhat) | Number of visitc | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
among the visitors to Korean medical doctors (345) | among total respondentsa (1668) | Acute illnessd | Long-term illnesse | Improvement of well-being | Others | |||
Acupuncture and moxibustion | 69.0 | 14.3 | 33.6 | 33.6 | 29.8 | 2.9 | 89.1 | 4.6 |
Massage | 11.6 | 2.4 | 20.0 | 27.5 | 50.0 | 2.5 | 95.0 | 2.7 |
Bone-setting | 2.0 | 0.4 | 42.9 | 14.3 | 42.9 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 5.3 |
Bodywork | 6.7 | 1.4 | 43.5 | 34.8 | 21.7 | 0.0 | 95.6 | 3.3 |
Chiropractic | 7.5 | 1.6 | 30.8 | 50.0 | 11.5 | 7.7 | 88.5 | 2.3 |
Cupping | 32.5 | 6.7 | 29.5 | 31.3 | 33.0 | 6.3 | 84.9 | 3.8 |
Diet therapy | 7.0 | 1.4 | 8.3 | 29.2 | 62.5 | 0.0 | 91.6 | 8.2 |
Starvation diet | 1.7 | 0.4 | 33.3 | 16.7 | 33.3 | 16.7 | 66.6 | 3.0 |
Dietary supplement | 8.4 | 1.7 | 3.4 | 17.2 | 79.3 | 0.0 | 68.9 | 12.4 |
Herb therapy | 1.7 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 33.3 | 66.7 | 0.0 | 83.4 | 2.0 |
Aromatherapy | 2.9 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 20.0 | 80.0 | 0.0 | 80.0 | 3.0 |
Hyperthermia | 15.4 | 3.2 | 24.5 | 39.6 | 30.2 | 5.7 | 90.6 | 4.2 |
Magnet therapy | 4.3 | 0.9 | 26.7 | 46.7 | 26.7 | 0.0 | 93.3 | 5.8 |
Spa therapy | 3.5 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 2.2 |
Music therapy | 2.0 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 42.9 | 57.1 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 4.1 |
Forest therapy | 2.0 | 0.4 | 28.6 | 28.6 | 42.9 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 2.1 |
Homeopathy | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 |
Ayurveda | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 33.3 | 66.7 | 0.0 | 66.6 | 2.3 |
Yoga | 2.0 | 0.4 | 14.3 | 14.3 | 71.4 | 0.0 | 85.7 | 3.3 |
Qigong | 2.0 | 0.4 | 28.6 | 57.1 | 14.3 | 0.0 | 71.4 | 7.1 |
Traditional Korean medicines (decoction) | 36.2 | 7.5 | 19.2 | 30.4 | 48.8 | 1.6 | 87.2 | 2.8 |
Manufactured traditional Korean medicines for prescription | 19.7 | 4.1 | 25.0 | 33.8 | 35.3 | 5.9 | 85.3 | 3.1 |
OTC traditional Korean medicines | 10.4 | 2.2 | 19.4 | 36.1 | 44.4 | 0.0 | 91.7 | 5.4 |
Spiritual therapy | 1.4 | 0.3 | 20.0 | 80.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 80.0 | 3.8 |
Other | 4.7 | 1.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 1.0 |
Self-help practices
CAM treatments | Useda (%) | Motivationa (%) | Helpfulnessa (%) (Very and somewhat) | number of times practiceb | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acute illnessc | Long-term illnessd | Improvement of well-being | Others | ||||
Meditation | 9.6 | 3.1 | 10.6 | 85.0 | 1.3 | 88.8 | 12.7 |
Yoga | 13.2 | 3.6 | 10.9 | 82.3 | 3.2 | 93.2 | 15.2 |
Qigong | 1.6 | 7.4 | 25.9 | 63.0 | 3.7 | 96.3 | 14.0 |
Tai Chi | 0.7 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 50.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 12.0 |
Relaxation techniques | 2.5 | 12.2 | 31.7 | 56.1 | 0.0 | 85.4 | 4.9 |
Music therapy | 4.2 | 1.4 | 18.6 | 71.4 | 8.6 | 94.3 | 15.5 |
Picture therapy | 1.1 | 5.6 | 22.2 | 50.0 | 22.2 | 88.9 | 4.3 |
Attend traditional healing ceremony | 1.1 | 5.6 | 22.2 | 72.2 | 0.0 | 94.5 | 1.9 |
Praying for own health | 5.9 | 5.1 | 10.2 | 82.7 | 2.0 | 85.8 | 25.7 |
Electric massage machine | 10.1 | 14.8 | 16.6 | 66.9 | 1.8 | 82.9 | 11.0 |
Other health appliances | 7.1 | 5.0 | 16.8 | 78.2 | 0.0 | 89.9 | 22.6 |
Walking | 54.9 | 1.5 | 5.9 | 91.4 | 1.2 | 88.3 | 27.9 |
Forest therapy | 4.6 | 1.3 | 13.0 | 85.7 | 0.0 | 85.7 | 4.2 |
Aromatherapy | 5.5 | 7.7 | 12.1 | 76.9 | 3.3 | 81.3 | 8.0 |
Hyperthermia | 7.1 | 16.0 | 26.9 | 56.3 | 0.8 | 89.9 | 9.4 |
Magnet therapy | 2.7 | 15.6 | 35.6 | 48.9 | 0.0 | 86.7 | 9.6 |
Spa therapy | 10.0 | 6.0 | 11.4 | 81.3 | 1.2 | 86.2 | 5.2 |
Bath additive | 8.3 | 3.6 | 8.7 | 81.9 | 5.8 | 73.9 | 6.2 |
Others | 1.2 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 80.0 | 5.0 | 100.0 | 35.0 |
Not received | 26.3 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Use of dietary supplements
Dietary supplements | Useda (%) | Use now (%) | Motivationa (%) | Helpfulnessa (%) (Very and somewhat) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acute Illnessb | Long-term Illnessc | Improvement of well-being | Others | ||||
Vitamin A | 8.9 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 8.1 | 86.5 | 0.7 | 76.4 |
Vitamin B1 | 5.0 | 2.8 | 4.8 | 14.5 | 80.7 | 0.0 | 78.4 |
Vitamin B2 | 5.1 | 3.0 | 7.1 | 8.2 | 84.7 | 0.0 | 78.8 |
Vitamin B6 | 3.3 | 1.9 | 0.0 | 9.1 | 90.9 | 0.0 | 74.6 |
Vitamin B12 | 3.9 | 1.9 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 81.5 | 0.0 | 70.8 |
Vitamin C | 35.1 | 27.1 | 1.4 | 5.0 | 92.3 | 1.4 | 74.0 |
Vitamin D | 15.9 | 11.3 | 1.9 | 12.4 | 83.8 | 1.9 | 72.2 |
Vitamin E | 3.8 | 2.0 | 3.1 | 6.3 | 90.6 | 0.0 | 78.1 |
Vitamin K | 1.9 | 0.7 | 6.5 | 3.2 | 90.3 | 0.0 | 70.9 |
Multiple vitamin | 22.0 | 18.8 | 0.5 | 5.2 | 92.9 | 1.4 | 73.6 |
Pantothenic acid | 0.6 | 0.4 | 10.0 | 0.0 | 90.0 | 0.0 | 90.0 |
Biotin | 1.9 | 1.1 | 3.1 | 18.8 | 78.1 | 0.0 | 59.4 |
Niacin | 0.9 | 0.5 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 73.3 | 0.0 | 60.0 |
Folic acid | 6.7 | 3.9 | 2.7 | 9.9 | 72.1 | 15.3 | 74.8 |
Iron | 5.7 | 3.5 | 8.4 | 16.8 | 69.5 | 5.3 | 78.9 |
Calcium | 11.9 | 7.6 | 2.0 | 11.1 | 85.4 | 1.5 | 68.7 |
Copper | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 50.0 |
Zinc | 4.9 | 2.8 | 3.7 | 7.4 | 88.9 | 0.0 | 61.7 |
Magnesium | 9.5 | 5.6 | 9.4 | 5.7 | 83.6 | 1.3 | 63.5 |
Potassium | 4.1 | 2.0 | 7.4 | 11.8 | 80.9 | 0.0 | 70.6 |
Multi-mineral | 6.1 | 3.7 | 2.0 | 6.9 | 91.1 | 0.0 | 67.3 |
Glucosamine | 5.3 | 3.4 | 2.2 | 12.4 | 84.3 | 1.1 | 69.7 |
Chondroitin | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 |
Saw palmetto | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 75.0 | 25.0 | 0.0 | 75.0 |
Green juice | 3.3 | 1.9 | 7.3 | 14.5 | 78.2 | 0.0 | 80.0 |
Collagen | 3.5 | 1.7 | 6.8 | 15.3 | 78.0 | 0.0 | 67.8 |
Placenta | 0.4 | 0.2 | 16.7 | 50.0 | 33.3 | 0.0 | 50.0 |
Blueberry | 8.0 | 4.7 | 1.5 | 3.0 | 92.5 | 3.0 | 59.4 |
Red ginseng | 30.8 | 21.5 | 1.0 | 5.1 | 91.8 | 2.1 | 75.7 |
Ginseng | 4.6 | 2.8 | 1.3 | 3.9 | 94.8 | 0.0 | 77.9 |
Omega-3 fatty acid | 29.2 | 21.0 | 1.2 | 9.9 | 87.7 | 1.2 | 67.4 |
Probiotic | 15.8 | 11.2 | 3.0 | 13.3 | 83.3 | 0.4 | 78.1 |
Others | 3.0 | 2.6 | 0.0 | 6.0 | 90.0 | 4.0 | 78.0 |
Not used | 18.3 | 25.0 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Use of traditional Korean medicine
Korean medicines | Useda (%) | Use now (%) | Motivationa (%) | Helpfulnessa (%) (Very and somewhat) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acute illnessb | Long-term Illnessc | Improvement of well-being | Others | ||||
Ojeogsan | 5.5 | 2.0 | 19.6 | 23.9 | 56.5 | 0.0 | 78.2 |
Gunghatang | 2.4 | 1.3 | 15.0 | 50.0 | 35.0 | 0.0 | 95.0 |
Ijintang | 3.1 | 1.9 | 19.2 | 34.6 | 46.2 | 0.0 | 76.9 |
Gumiganghwaltang | 3.0 | 1.9 | 8.0 | 32.0 | 60.0 | 0.0 | 88.0 |
Pyeongwisan | 3.5 | 1.7 | 24.1 | 34.5 | 41.4 | 0.0 | 96.5 |
Hyangsapyeongwisan | 3.5 | 1.9 | 24.1 | 34.5 | 41.4 | 0.0 | 89.6 |
Bojungikgitang | 5.7 | 4.2 | 8.5 | 34.0 | 57.4 | 0.0 | 87.2 |
Socheongryongtang | 4.2 | 2.5 | 14.3 | 22.9 | 60.0 | 2.9 | 82.9 |
Galguentang | 30.0 | 15.5 | 36.5 | 14.1 | 47.8 | 1.6 | 82.4 |
Samsoeum | 3.1 | 1.4 | 23.1 | 19.2 | 57.7 | 0.0 | 88.4 |
Others | 7.6 | 3.2 | 14.3 | 11.1 | 63.5 | 11.1 | 80.9 |
Not know / Not remember | 47.4 | 17.6 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Not used | 0.0 | 51.7 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |