Background
Methods
Study area
Selection of informants and collection of data
Collections of plant specimens and identifications
Data analysis
Informant consensus factor (ICF), fidelity level (FL) and preference ranking
Ethical consideration
Results
Traditional knowledge
Medicinal plants of public health importance
Family | Scientific Name [References of other studies] | Disease | Parts | Application (Animal type) | FL | Voucher No. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acanthaceae |
Barleria homoiotrichia C. B. Clarke | Mumps | F | Topical | 0.60 | YA 046 |
Herpes Zoster | B | Oral, nasal, body wash | ||||
Justicia schimperiana (Hochst.ex Nees) T. Anders | Somnambulism | F | Oral, body wash | 0.33 | YA 022 | |
Diphtheria | B | Oral | ||||
Retained placenta | R | Oral (Camel) | ||||
Ruellia patula Jacq. | Swelling | L | Oral | 0.67 | YA 021 | |
Meningitis | WP | Nasal | ||||
Aizoaceae |
Aizoon canariensis L. | Head injury | L | Topical | 1.00 | YA 089 |
Schizophrenia | WP | Inhaling | ||||
Trianthema portulacastrum L.* | Hand swelling | L | Topical | 0.67 | YA 014 | |
Snake Bite | WP | Nasal | ||||
Herpes Zoster | WP | Nasal | ||||
Alliaceae |
Allium sativum L. | Somnambulism | Fr | Oral, body wash | 0.50 | YA 004 |
Skin infection | Fr | Topical | ||||
PPR | Fr | Oral (Cattle) | ||||
Aloaceae |
Aloe trichosantha A. Berger * | Diphtheria | L,S | Oral, body wash | 0.30 | YA 098 |
Eye sickness | La | Eye-drop | ||||
Snake bite | R | Oral, nasal, body wash | ||||
Malaria | L | Oral | ||||
Breast infection | L,S | Oral, nasal, body wash | ||||
Delayed placenta | L,R | Oral | ||||
Black leg/ joint illness | R | Topical (Cow oxen) | ||||
Brucellosis | L, S | Oral, nasal, ear, body wash (Camel, cow, goat) | ||||
Amaranthaceae |
Aerva javanica (Burm.f.) Schultes | Breast infection | L | Nasal, body wash | 0.31 | YA 077 |
Epistaxis | R | Oral, nasal | ||||
Wound | L | Topical | ||||
STIs | R | Oral, body wash | ||||
Mastitis and contagious agalactia | L | Oral, nasal, body wash (Goat, cow) | ||||
PPR | R | Nasal (Goat) | ||||
Celosia polystachia (Forssk.) C.C. Towns.* | Breast cancer | L | Oral, nasal, topical | 0.47 | YA 103 | |
Epilepsy | L | Oral | ||||
Dyspepsia | L | Oral | ||||
Typhoid | WP | Oral, wash body | ||||
Jaundice | L | Oral | ||||
EPTB | L | Oral | ||||
Lung infection | YP | Oral | ||||
Mumps | WP | Oral | ||||
Blackleg | R | Oral, nasal (Cattle) | ||||
Mastitis and contagious agalactia | L | Oral, nasal, ear, body wash (Camel, cow, goat) | ||||
PPR | L | Oral (Cattle) | ||||
Sericocomopsis pallida (S. Moore) Schinz* | Head wound | L | Topical | 1.00 | YA 002 | |
Anacardiaceae |
Rhus natalensis Bernh. ex C. Krauss | Swelling on body | L | Oral | 0.33 | YA 012 |
Snake bite | R | Oral, tying | ||||
Topical wound, External body infection | L | Topical insertion (Camel, Cattle) | ||||
Apiaceae |
Ferula communis L. | Somnambulism | F | Oral, body wash | 0.67 | YA 094 |
Dyspepsia | F | Oral | ||||
Schizophrenia | L | Body wash | ||||
PPR | Fr | Oral (Cattle) | ||||
Apocynaceae |
Acokanthera schimperi (A. DC.) Schwein | Kidney infection | R | Oral, topical | 0.50 | YA 027 |
Eye Infection | L/La | Eye-drop | ||||
PPR | L | Oral, nasal (Cattle Camel) | ||||
Pergularia tomentosa L. | Evil Eye | R | Body wash | 0.50 | YA 024 | |
Snake Bite | L | Oral, nasal, ear | ||||
Aristolochiaceae |
Aristolochia bracteolata Lam. | Diphtheria | WP | Topical | 0.71 | YA 087 |
Jaundice | WP | Oral | ||||
Swelling on body | L | Oral, body wash | ||||
Snake Bite | R | Oral | ||||
Eye infection | L | Eye-drop | ||||
Asclepiadaceae |
Calotropis procera (Ait.) Ait.f. | Typhoid | FB, L | Oral, Nasal | 0.29 | YA 043 |
Dyspepsia | F | Oral | ||||
Breast swelling | L | Nasal, Topical | ||||
Herpes Zoster | L | Nasal | ||||
Mouth infection | B | Oral, mouth wash | ||||
Black leg | YP | Oral, nasal (Cattle) | ||||
Anthrax | S, L | Oral (Cattle) | ||||
Mastitis and contagious agalactia | L | Oral, nasal, body wash (Camel, cow) | ||||
Kanahia laniflora (Forssk.) R.Br.* | Flue | R | Sniffing, nasal | 0.40 | YA 073 | |
Asthma | L | Inhaling | ||||
Angina | R | Oral | ||||
Schizophrenia | WP | Oral, nasal | ||||
Asteraceae |
Kleinia squarrosa Cufod.* | Somnambulism | L | Body wash | 0.50 | YA 020 |
Eye infection | L | Eye-drop | ||||
Parthenium hysterophorus L.* | Somnambulism | F | Oral | 1.00 | YA 093 | |
Xanthium strumarium L. | Dyspepsia | WP | Oral, nasal | 1.00 | YA 030 | |
Balanitaceae |
Balanites aegyptiaca (van Tieghem) Blatter | Infant sickness | R | Oral | 0.43 | YA 095 |
Breast cancer | L | Oral, nasal, body wash | ||||
Lung Infection | R,B | Oral, nasal | ||||
Kola kusil, | L | Oral, topical | ||||
Mumps | L | Oral, nasal, body wash | ||||
Dysentery | L.B | Oral | ||||
Herpes Zoster | B /R | Oral, nasal | ||||
Devil Disease | B | Oral | ||||
Brucellosis | L | Oral (Cow, goat) | ||||
Blackleg | R | Oral (Cow, goat) | ||||
Trypanosomiasis | R | Oral (Cow, goat) | ||||
CCPP | R | Oral (Cow, goat) | ||||
Pastuerollosis | L | Oral (Cattle) | ||||
Bovine TB | B | Oral, nasal (Cattle) | ||||
Balanites rotundifolia (van Tiegn.) Blatter | Malaria | L | Oral | 0.43 | YA 008 | |
Infant sickness | UP | Oral, nasal, ear, washing | ||||
Mumps | R | Oral, nasal, body wash | ||||
Flue, cough | L | Nasal, oral | ||||
Breast cancer | L | Oral, topical | ||||
ETPB | L | Oral, nasal, topical | ||||
Jaundice | L,B | Oral | ||||
Dyspepsia | L,R | Oral | ||||
Eye injury | R | Eye-drop | ||||
Bullet injury | B,S | Tying/ topical | ||||
Herpes Zoster | L | Nasal, body wash | ||||
Blackleg | R | Nasal (Goat) | ||||
Mastitis and contagious agalactia | L | Oral (Cow, goat, Camel) | ||||
Bovine pastuerollosis | L | Oral (Cattle) | ||||
PPR | R | Nasal (Goat, sheep) | ||||
Bovine TB | YP | Oral, nasal (Cattle) | ||||
Boraginaceae |
Bourreria orbicularis (Hutch. & E.A. Bruce) Thulin | Breast cancer | L | Oral | 1.00 | YA 065 |
Brucellosis | L | Oral (Cow, goat) | ||||
Bovine TB | Fr | Oral, nasal (Cattle) | ||||
Cordia sinensis Lam. | Arthritis | WP | Topical insertion | 0.67 | YA 072 | |
Topical wound infection | B | Topical (Cow, goat, Camel) | ||||
Heliotropium cinerascens Steud. ex A. DC. | Head injury | L | Topical | 0.50 | YA 009 | |
Arthritis | S | Topical insertion | ||||
Leprosy | L | Topical | ||||
Skin infection | L,R | Topical (Cow, goat, Camel) | ||||
Heliotropium longiflorum (A. DC.) Jaub. & Spach | White on eye | B | Topical | 1.00 | YA 049 | |
Brassicaceae |
Lepidium sativum L. | Somnambulism | F | Oral, body wash | 0.67 | YA 084 |
Devil Disease | F | Oral | ||||
Dysentery | F | Oral, nasal | ||||
Capparidaceae |
Boscia coriacea Pax. | Retained Placenta | R | Tying | 0.55 | YA 016 |
Leprosy | L | Topical | ||||
Lung Infection | L | Oral | ||||
Snake Bite | L,F | Oral, topical | ||||
Cadaba farinosa Forssk. | Eye sickness | L | Fumigation | 0.22 | YA 078 | |
Lung Infection | L | Sniffing, nasal | ||||
Mitch/Flue | L | Sniffing, nasal | ||||
Swelling on body | L | Topical, nasal | ||||
Head Injury | L | Topical | ||||
Breast cancer | L | Oral | ||||
Dyspepsia | L | Oral, nasal | ||||
Typhoid | L | Oral, nasal | ||||
Angina Pectoris | L | Oral | ||||
ETPB | S | Oral | ||||
Anthrax | R | Oral, nasal | ||||
Arthritis | R | Tying, topical | ||||
Impotence | R | Oral, tying | ||||
Infant sickness | L | Oral, nasal, body wash | ||||
Mastitis and contagious agalactia | L | Oral, nasal, ear, body wash (Cow, goat) | ||||
Anthrax | YP | Oral (Oxen) | ||||
Bovine pastuerollosis | L | Oral (Cattle) | ||||
Cadaba glandulosa Forssk. | Lung infection | L,S | Oral | 0.33 | YA 034 | |
Meningitis | L | Oral, body wash | ||||
Dyspepsia | L | Oral | ||||
Breast cancer | L | Oral, nasal, topical | ||||
Snake bite | L,R | Oral, nasal, topical | ||||
Jaundice | L | Oral, body wash | ||||
Tonsillitis | L | Oral, body wash | ||||
Lung infection | L,R | Oral | ||||
Typhoid | L | Oral, nasal | ||||
Swelling on skin | L | Oral, topical | ||||
Bovine pastuerollosis | L | Oral (Cattle) | ||||
Cadaba rotundifolia Forssk | Arthritis | S | Topical | 0.19 | YA 003 | |
Eye sickness | L | Fumigation | ||||
Arthritis | S | Topical insertion | ||||
Tonsillitis | L | Oral, nasal | ||||
Flue/Mitch | L | Inhaling | ||||
Retained Placenta | R | Oral | ||||
Broken head | L | Topical insertion | ||||
Snake Bite | L | Oral | ||||
Retained Placenta | R | Oral, nasal (Camel, Cattle) | ||||
External parasite | R | Topical (Cow, goat, sheep) | ||||
Brucellosis | WP | Oral (Goat, camel, cow) | ||||
ORF | UP | Oral (Goat, sheep) | ||||
CCPP | WP | Oral (Goat) | ||||
Bloating | R | Oral (Cattle) | ||||
Bovine TB | L | Oral, nasal (Cattle) | ||||
Capparis decidua (Forssk.) Edgew. | Anthrax | S | Oral (Cattle) | 1.00 | YA 085 | |
Caryophyllaceae |
Silene macrosolen Steud. ex A. Rich.* | Breast cancer | L | Oral | 0.50 | YA 104 |
Diphtheria | L | Nasal | ||||
Brucellosis | L | Oral (Cow, goat) | ||||
Convolvulaceae |
Seddera bagshawei Rendle | Impotence | R | Nasal | 0.40 | YA 050 |
Swelling | WP | Oral | ||||
Snake bite | L | Oral, nasal, body wash | ||||
Seddera hirsute Dammer ex Hall. f. | Malaria | L | Oral, nasal, body wash | 0.40 | YA 055 | |
Snake bite | S | Oral | ||||
Malaria | WP | Oral | ||||
Asthma | WP | Oral | ||||
Impotence | WP | Oral | ||||
Somnambulism | WP | Inhaling | ||||
Cucurbitaceae |
Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad.* | Schizophrenia | L | Oral | 0.50 | YA 026 |
Wart | S | Topical | ||||
Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai * | Mastitis and contagious agalactia | L | Nasal, body wash (Goat, camel, cow) | 1.00 | YA 025 | |
Cucumis prophetarum L. | Swelling on body | WP | Oral | 0.38 | YA 028 | |
Unable to Urinate | WP | Oral | ||||
Eye injury | UP | Eye-drop | ||||
Devil Disease | YB | Oral, nasal, wash body | ||||
Skin infection | L | Oral, nasal (Cattle) | ||||
Euphorbiaceae |
Acalypha fruticosa Forssk. | Eye sickness | L | Fumigation | 0.15 | YA 086 |
Tonsillitis | L | Oral, nasal | ||||
Lung Infection | L | Inhaling | ||||
Infant sickness | L | Oral, nasal, ear | ||||
Breast cancer | L | Oral, nasal, topical | ||||
Kola kusil | L | Oral, topical | ||||
Epilepsy | L | Oral | ||||
ETPB | L | Oral, wash body | ||||
Bone breakage | L | Tying/topical | ||||
Dyspepsia | L | Oral, nasal | ||||
Herpes Zoster | L | Oral, nasal | ||||
Schizophrenia | L | Oral | ||||
Blackleg | L | Oral, nasal (Camel, cattle, goat) | ||||
Bovine pasteurellosis | L | Nasal, oral (Cattle) | ||||
Anthrax | L | Nasal, oral (Camel, cattle, goat) | ||||
CCPP | L | Oral, nasal (Camel, cattle, goat) | ||||
Bone breakage/ fractures | L | Topical (cattle, goat) | ||||
Brucellosis | L | Oral (Cow, goat) | ||||
Pastuerollosis | L | Oral (Cattle) | ||||
PPR | L | Oral (Cattle) | ||||
Acalypha indica L. | Malaria, chill | WP | Oral | 0.50 | YA 019 | |
Snake bite | WP | Oral, nasal, body wash | ||||
Jaundice | L | Oral | ||||
Dyspepsia | L | Oral, nasal | ||||
Breast infection | L | Oral, nasal, ear | ||||
Lung Infection | L | Oral | ||||
Herpes Zoster | L | Oral, nasal | ||||
Snake Bite | L | Oral, nasal (Cow, camel, goat) | ||||
Brucellosis | L | Oral, nasal, ear, body wash (Cow, camel, goat) | ||||
PPR | L | Oral (cattle) | ||||
Euphorbia triaculeata Forssk. | Jaundice | L | Nasal, wash body | 0.67 | YA 064 | |
STIs | SR | Oral | ||||
Dyspepsia | L, La | Oral | ||||
Dysentery | L | Nasal, oral (Goat) | ||||
Orf | L | Oral, nasal (Goat) | ||||
Fabaceae |
Acacia ehrenbergiana Hayne | Dyspepsia | B | Oral | 1.00 | YA 074 |
Acacia mellifera (M. Vahl) Benth. | Flue | L/B | Sniffing, Oral | 0.47 | YA 075 | |
Fire-burn | S | Topical | ||||
Head/ bullet Injury | B,S | Tying, topical | ||||
Eye injury | L | Eye-drop | ||||
EPTB | L | Oral | ||||
Birth labour | YB | Oral, body wash | ||||
External infection | S | Topical (camel) | ||||
PPR | L | Eye-drop (cattle) | ||||
Acacia nilotica (L.) | Retained placenta | L,R | Oral, nasal | 0.75 | YA 041 | |
Broken head | Br | Topical | ||||
Acacia oerfota (Forssk.) Schweinf. | Arthritis | S,F | Topical | 0.35 | YA 045 | |
Diphtheria | L | Oral, nasal, body wash | ||||
STIs | R, B | Oral, body wash | ||||
Breast cancer | L | Eye, nasal, topical | ||||
Dyspepsia | L | Nasal, body wash | ||||
Flue, coughing | B | Oral | ||||
Devil Disease | R,L | Oral, nasal, body wash | ||||
Scabies | L | Topical | ||||
Sheep and Goat pox | L | Oral (Sheep, goat) | ||||
Mastitis and contagious agalactia | L | Nasal, body wash (cow, goat, camel) | ||||
Bovine TB | R | Oral, nasal (cattle) | ||||
Acacia senegal (L.) Wild | Mumps | L | Topical, nasal | 0.67 | YA 091 | |
Eye injury | B | Eye-drop | ||||
Impotence | R | Oral, topical | ||||
Acacia seyal Del. | Intestinal parasite | R | Oral | 0.67 | YA 039 | |
Jaundice | L | Oral | ||||
Acacia tortilis (Forssk.) Hayne. | External injury | L | Topical | 0.50 | YA 035 | |
Infant sickness | L | Body wash | ||||
Breast cancer | L | Oral. nasal, topical | ||||
Brucellosis | L | Oral (Cow, goat) | ||||
Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight et Am. | Skin bleaching (cancer) | R | Oral | 0.67 | YA 037 | |
Foot and mouth | B | Topical insertion (Cattle, goat, sheep) | ||||
Indigofera articulata Gouan | Jaundice | R | Oral | 0.25 | YA 015 | |
Epilepsy | L,R | Oral | ||||
Fire burn | L | Topical | ||||
Dyspepsia | L,S,R | Oral | ||||
Epistaxis | L,R | Nasal, oral | ||||
Snake Bite | R | Oral | ||||
Swelling on body | L | Oral | ||||
Brucellosis | L | Oral (Cow, goat) | ||||
Indigofera oblongifolia Forsk. | Diphtheria | UP | Oral, nasal, ear, body wash | 0.45 | YA 013 | |
Typhoid | L,S | Oral | ||||
Herpes Zoster | R | Oral, ear, mouth wash | ||||
Scorpion bite | Root | Oral, tying | ||||
Devil illness | WP | Body wash | ||||
Lung infection | L,R | Oral | ||||
Dysentery | L,R | Oral | ||||
Breast cancer | Leaf | Oral and body wash | ||||
Angina | R | Oral | ||||
Foot and mouth | GP | Topical insertion (Cattle) | ||||
Pastuerollosis | L | Oral (Cattle) | ||||
PPR | L | Oral (Cattle) | ||||
Indigofera spicata Forsk. | Jaundice | R | Nasal, body wash | 1.00 | YA 070 | |
Parkinsonia scioana (Chiov.) Brenan | Broken bone | B,R | Tying, topical | 0.67 | YA 081 | |
Dyspepsia | B | Oral | ||||
Senna alexandrina Mill. | Circumcise infection | La | Topical | 0.30 | YA 082 | |
Dyspepsia | WP | Oral | ||||
Infant sickness | L | Nasal | ||||
Snake bite | L | Oral, nasal, topical | ||||
Devil illness | L | Body wash | ||||
Jaundice | B | Oral | ||||
External injury | L | Topical | ||||
Swelling on body | L | Topical | ||||
Senna italica Mill. | Breast cancer | L | Oral, nasal, body wash | 0.50 | YA 083 | |
Devil illness | L | Body wash | ||||
Mumps | R,L | Oral, nasal | ||||
Dyspepsia | L | Oral, nasal | ||||
Retained placenta | S | Oral (Camel) | ||||
Tamarindus indica L. | Lung infection | B | Oral, nasal | 0.50 | YA 063 | |
Typhoid | B | Oral | ||||
Trigonella foenum-graecum L.* | Epistaxis | R | Nasal | 0.50 | YA 017 | |
Infant Sickness | S | Body wash | ||||
Lamiaceae |
Becium filamentosum (Forssk.) | Malaria | L | Oral | 0.55 | YA 033 |
Lung Infection | L,S | Oral | ||||
Dyspepsia | L | Oral | ||||
Somnambulism | L | Oral, wash body | ||||
Syphilis | F | Oral, nasal | ||||
Birth labour | Br | Wash body | ||||
Eye infection | L | Topical | ||||
PPR | L | Oral (Cattle) | ||||
Ocimum basilicum L.* | Internal parasites | L | Oral | 0.50 | YA 106 | |
Swelling on skin | WP | Topical | ||||
Ocimum spicatum Defl.* | Schizophrenia | R | Oral, nasal | 0.67 | YA 018 | |
Snake Bite | R | Oral | ||||
Ocimum urticifolium Roth. | Infant dysentery | L | Oral, nasal, body wash | 0.50 | YA 001 | |
Diphtheria | WP | Oral, nasal, body wash | ||||
Malaria | WP | Oral, nasal, body wash | ||||
Dyspepsia | UP | Oral | ||||
Herpes Zoster | L | Nasal | ||||
Orthosiphon pallidus Royle ex Benth.* | Diphtheria | L | Oral, nasal, body wash | 1.00 | YA 101 | |
Thymus schimperi Ronniger* | Snake bite | WP | Oral, body wash | 0.50 | YA 054 | |
Devil Disease | S | Oral, body wash | ||||
Internal parasites | R | Oral | ||||
Loranthaceae |
Oncocalyx glabratus (Engl.) M. Gilbert* | Bullet injury | S,L | Topical | 1.00 | YA 105 |
Oncocalyx schimperi (A. Rich.) M. G. Gilbert | Jaundice | L | Oral | 0.50 | YA 029 | |
Plicosepalus robustus Wiens & Polhill* | Herpes Zoster | WP | Oral, nasal, body wash | 0.75 | YA 076 | |
Tapinanthus globiferus (A. Rich.) Tieghem* | Dyspepsia | L | Oral, ear, mouth wash | 0.50 | YA 079 | |
Impotence | L | Oral | ||||
Lythraceae |
Lawsonia inermis L.* | Elephantiasis | L | Tying, topical | 1.00 | YA 059 |
Malvaceae |
Abutilon figarianum Guill. & Perro | Eye infection | R | Fumigation | 0.50 | YA 052 |
Fire, swelling | L | Topical, oral | ||||
Flue | L | Chewing, sniffing | ||||
Hibiscus vitifolius L. | Angina Pectoris | R | Tying, topical | 1.00 | YA 047 | |
Menispermaceae |
Cocculus pendulus (J. R. & G. Forst) Diels* | Somnambulism | L | Oral, wash body | 0.29 | YA 053 |
Retained Placenta | L | Oral | ||||
Elephantiasis | S | Topical insertion | ||||
Snake Bite | R | Oral | ||||
Breast infection | R | Topical | ||||
Moraceae |
Dorstenia barnimiana Schweinf.* | Schizophrenia | WP | Inhaling | 1.00 | YA 088 |
Moringaceae |
Moringa oleifera Lam. | Snake Bite | R,B | Oral, tying | 1.00 | YA 032 |
Nyctaginaceae |
Commicarpus helenae (J.A. Schultes) Meikle | Breast infection | L | Nasal, body | 0.50 | YA 066 |
Vomiting | L | Oral | ||||
Elephantiasis | L | Topical | ||||
Typhoid | WP | Oral, nasal | ||||
Herpes Zoster | R | Nasal | ||||
Mastitis and contagious agalactia | L | Nasal, body wash (Cow, goat, Camel) | ||||
Commicarpus squarrosus (Heimerl) Standl.* | Trypanosomiasis | S | Nasal, ear, body wash (Camel) | 1.00 | YA 056 | |
Oleaceae |
Olea europaea L. subsp. cuspidata (Wall.ex G. Don) Cif. | Snake Bite | Stem | Oral, topical | 1.00 | YA 102 |
Plumbaginaceae |
Plumbago zeylanica L. | Meningitis | L | Oral, nasal | 0.75 | YA 006 |
Scabies | L,R | Topical | ||||
Skin infection | L | Oral, topical | ||||
Poaceae |
Cymbopogon commutatus (Steud.) Stapf | Jaundice | Tu | Oral, wash body | 0.50 | YA 005 |
Eye Infection | L | Eye-drop | ||||
Polygalacea |
Polygala obtusissima Hochst. Ex Chod. | Flue | WP | Inhaling | 0.50 | YA 051 |
Dyspepsia | R | Oral | ||||
Asthma | R | Oral | ||||
Ranunculaceae |
Nigella sativa L.* | Somnambulism | S | Oral, body wash | 1.00 | YA 096 |
Rhamnaceae |
Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. | Retained placenta | L | Oral | 0.50 | YA 068 |
Breast cancer | L | Oral | ||||
Brucellosis | L | Oral (Cow, goat) | ||||
Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf. | Retained placenta | L | Oral | 0.43 | YA 069 | |
Snake bite | YB | Oral | ||||
Angina Pectoris | Root | Oral | ||||
Dyspepsia | YB | Oral | ||||
Rutaceae |
Citrus lemon (L.) Bunn.f. | Somnambulism | F | Oral, wash body | 1.00 | YA 071 |
Salvadoraceae |
Dobera glabra (Forssk.) Poir. | Head Wound | B,L | Topical | 0.43 | YA 042 |
ETPB | L | Oral | ||||
Anthrax | L | Oral (Cow, oxen) | ||||
Bloating | R | Oral (Cattle) | ||||
Blackleg | R,L | Oral (Cattle) | ||||
Skin infection | L | Topical (Cattle, camel) | ||||
Sapotaceae |
Mimusops kummel Bruce A. DC. | Dyspepsia | R | Oral | 1.00 | YA 038 |
Selaginellaceae |
Selaginella kraussiana (Kunze) A.Braun* | Fire burn | WP | Topical | 0.67 | YA 067 |
Anthrax | UP | Nasal, oral (cattle, goat, sheep) | ||||
Solanaceae |
Capsicum annuum L. | Arthritis | S | Topical insertion | 1.00 | YA 060 |
Anthrax | S | Oral (Cattle) | ||||
Capsicum frutescens L. | Pasteurellosis | Fr | Nasal, oral (Camel) | 0.50 | YA 061 | |
Flue | Fr | Nasal, oral (Camel) | ||||
Solanum incanum L. | Schizophrenia | UP | Oral, inhaling | 0.50 | YA 100 | |
Blackleg | R | Oral, nasal, topical (Cattle) | ||||
CCPP | R | Oral, nasal (Goat) | ||||
Lung infection | R | Oral, nasal (Camel) | ||||
Solanum marginatum L. f. | Schizophrenia | L,R | Oral | 0.29 | YA 097 | |
Mumps | L | Oral | ||||
Meningitis | L | Oral | ||||
Head injury | L | Topical | ||||
Dyspepsia | L | Oral | ||||
Pastuerollosis | L | Oral (Cattle) | ||||
Solanum somalense Franchet. | Fire Burn | UP | Topical | 0.67 | YA 036 | |
Typhoid | UP | Nasal | ||||
Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal | Typhoid | R | Oral | 0.57 | YA 040 | |
Evil eye | R | Oral, inhaling | ||||
Swelling on skin | L | Oral, topical | ||||
ETPB | L | Oral | ||||
Sterculiaceae |
Sterculia africana (Lour.) Fiori* | Infant sickness | L | Oral | 0.50 | YA 090 |
Swelling on skin | Leaf | Topical | ||||
Tiliaceae |
Grewia erythraea Schweinf. | Head wound | S,B | Topical | 0.36 | YA 062 |
Flue | L, B | Inhaling | ||||
Typhoid | L | Oral | ||||
Broken bone | R | Topical | ||||
Dyspepsia | L,S,B | Oral, nasal | ||||
Arthritis | R | Topical insertion | ||||
Wart | B | Topical | ||||
Infant Sickness | L,R | Nasal, body wash | ||||
Leprosy | R | Topical | ||||
Grewia villosa
| Broken bone | R | Tying, topical | 0.40 | YA 048 | |
Impotence | R | Oral, body wash | ||||
Jaundice | WP | Oral, nasal | ||||
Foot and mouth | S | Nasal, oral (Cattle, goat, sheep) | ||||
Verbenaceae |
Premna oligotricha Baker* | Retained placenta | L | Oral | 1.00 | YA 023 |
Priva curtisiae Kobuski* | Typhoid, Mitch | L | Oral, nasal | 1.00 | YA 099 | |
Vitaceae |
Cissus quadrangularis L. | Leprosy | YB | Oral, topical | 0.33 | YA 044 |
ETPB, lung infection | YB | Oral, topical | ||||
Swelling on neck, chest | YP | Oral, nasal (Cattle) | ||||
Cissus rotundifolia (Forssk.) Vahl | Devil Disease | RL | Inhaling | 0.50 | YA 080 | |
Cyphostemma burgeri Vollesen* | Snake Bite | R | Oral | 0.50 | YA 007 | |
Hand swelling | L | Topical | ||||
Zygophyllaceae |
Fagonia paulayana Wagner & Vierh.* | Infant sickness | UP | Oral, Nasal | 1.00 | YA 031 |
Fagonia schweinfurthii Hadidi | Tonsillitis | R | Oral | 0.50 | YA 010 | |
Jaundice | WP | Oral, body wash | ||||
Infant sickness | L | Oral, body wash | ||||
Lung infection | R | Oral, body wash | ||||
Mastitis and contagious agalactia | WP | Nasal, body wash (Cow, goat, camel) |
Ethnoveterinary medicinal plants
Habit and parts of medicinal plants
Preparation, dosage, and mode of treatment
Fidelity value and informants consensus factor
Category | Species | (%) All Species | Use citations | (%) All use citations | ICF |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acute febrile illness and malaria | 32 | 31% | 102 | 18% | 0.69 |
Internal and liver infection | 55 | 54% | 166 | 29% | 0.67 |
Gastrointestinal disease, internal parasite | 50 | 49% | 129 | 23% | 0.62 |
Swellings and cancer | 45 | 44% | 102 | 18% | 0.56 |
Flue, headache | 25 | 25% | 54 | 10% | 0.55 |
Eye, ear nose, and mouth | 35 | 34% | 63 | 11% | 0.45 |
Respiratory and lung infection | 26 | 25% | 41 | 7% | 0.38 |
External injury and external parasite | 28 | 27% | 44 | 8% | 0.37 |
Skin and subcutaneous tissue infection | 30 | 29% | 43 | 8% | 0.31 |
Snake and scorpion bite | 20 | 20% | 28 | 5% | 0.30 |
Devil disease, schizophrenia, epilepsy | 25 | 25% | 34 | 6% | 0.27 |
Birth related and urinary tract infection. | 18 | 18% | 23 | 4% | 0.23 |
Impotence | 6 | 6% | 7 | 1% | 0.17 |
Preference ranking
Plants used in treatment of multiple diseases | R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | R6 | R7 | R8 | Total | Rank |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acacia mellifera
| 6 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 57 | 9 |
Acacia oerfota
| 7 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 58 | 8 |
Acalypha fruticosa
| 9 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 69 | 2 |
Acalypha indica
| 8 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 67 | 3 |
Balanites aegyptiaca
| 8 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 63 | 5 |
Balanites rotundifolia
| 9 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 70 | 1 |
Cadaba farinosa
| 7 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 64 | 4 |
Cadaba glandulosa
| 7 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 55 | 10 |
Cadaba rotundifolia
| 8 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 61 | 7 |
Celosia polystachia
| 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 54 | 11 |
Indigofera oblongifolia
| 7 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 9 | 9 | 62 | 6 |
Edible plants and duration of gathering
Voucher Number | Family | Scientific Name (Citations) | Habit | Local plant name | Mode of consumption |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
YA 021 | Acanthaceae |
Ruellia patula Jacq. | Shrub | Boboyta | The outer cover is eaten fresh. It is collected and consumed by herd boys, and it is not stored and has a mild test. |
YA 012 | Anacardiaceae |
Rhus natalensis Krauss | Tree | Dewa/ Sofa | Whole fruit, after trashing using both hands, is eaten fresh. It is sweet and consumed by all age groups. It collected and mostly consumed by herd boys |
YA 092 | Apocynaceae |
Carissa spinarum L. | Shrub | Titita | It has sweet to sour test, collected and consumed by all age groups |
YA 095 | Balanitaceae |
Balanites aegyptiaca (van Tieghem) Blatter | Tree | Udayto | The outer cover is eaten fresh, and the inside is eaten boiled and can be stored. It is collected by housewives, herd boys, and men and consumed by all age groups. It has a mild test and stored for a drought period. |
YA 008 | Balanitaceae |
Balanites rotundifolia (Van Tiegn.) Blatter | Shrub Small tree | Alayto | The outer part is eaten fresh. The internal part is bitter, hence, soaked in water overnight and followed by two to three times washing, boiled and consumed by all age groups. Housewives and herd boys collect and stored for drought period as a food source. It is also consumed fresh by diabetic patients. |
YA 072 | Boraginaceae |
Cordia sinensis Lam. | Tree | Madera/ Ledo | It is collected by boys and housewives. It is sweet as honey and has more fat. It is preferably given to children under five years and women that have given birth. It is eaten before breakfast and dinner. |
YA 016 | Capparidaceae |
Boscia coriacea Pax. | Tree | Homura/ Aytneba | It too sour and only one crushed fruit is taken for smoothening taste by older individuals that take milk as food for a longer period. It is used as medicine to avoid dyspepsia. |
YA 063 | Fabaceae |
Tamarindus indica L. | Tree | Hura | It has a mild taste between sour, and bitter. It is collected by herd boys and housewives and eaten fresh. The whole fruit is chewed, and the seeds are spat. |
YA 058 | Olacaceae |
Ximenia americana L. | Tree | Helelea | It is sweet, succulent fruit collected by herd boys and consumed by all age groups. |
YA 069 | Rhamnaceae |
Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf. | Tree | Kusra | It collected by herd boys and housewives and eaten fresh by all age groups. |
YA 011 | Rosaceae |
Rosa abyssinica Lindley | Shrub | Atim | It is sweet and collected and consumed by all age groups. The whole fruit is eaten fresh, and only seeds are spat. |
YA 042 | Salvadoraceae |
Dobera glabra (Forssk.) Poir. | Shrub | Gasera/ Mudua/ | The outer part is eaten fresh and inner part is taken as food boiled mixed with Alayto during drought season. It collected by housewives and herd boys, stored for drought season, and consumed by all age groups. |
YA 038 | Sapotaceae |
Mimusops kummel A. DC. | Tree | Yelow Eta | Unripe fruit is collected by boys and buried in the soil until it ripens and becomes red. The whole fruit is consumed by all age groups. Unripe fruit is not edible and assumed to be poisonous. |
YA 057 | Tiliaceae |
Grewia bicolor Juss. | Tree | Hebele | It is collected by herd boys, and whole fruit is consumed after the hairy outer part is cleaned. It is sweet and eaten by all age groups |
YA 062 | Tiliaceae |
Grewia erythraea Schweinf. | Shrub | Hidayto | It is sweet fruit collected by herd boys and consumed by all age groups and is not stored |
YA 048 | Tiliaceae |
Grewia villosa Willd. | Shrub | Habeleyta | It is collected by herd boys and consumed fresh by all age groups. |