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Erschienen in: Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin 6/2009

01.09.2009 | Leitthema

Anämie und akute Herzinsuffizienz

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. U. Janssens, J. Graf

Erschienen in: Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin | Ausgabe 6/2009

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Zusammenfassung

Häufig wird sowohl bei Patienten mit akuter und chronischer Herzinsuffizienz als auch bei anderen Intensivpatienten eine Anämie beobachtet. Neben der Schwere der Grunderkrankung stellen auch die rezidivierenden diagnostischen Blutabnahmen eine relevante Ursache der beobachteten Anämien dar. Unabhängig von der Kausalität besteht eine Assoziation von Anämie, Morbidität und Letalität. Andererseits ist bei kritisch Kranken jede Bluttransfusion mit einem erheblichen Risiko und statistisch auch mit einer erhöhten Sterbewahrscheinlichkeit verbunden, und es existieren robuste Daten, die zu einem restriktiven Transfusionsverhalten mit einem Ziel-Hb von 7–9 g/dl raten. Aufgrund fehlender spezifischer Untersuchungen bleiben die differenzialtherapeutischen Überlegungen zur Bluttransfusion bei kritisch Kranken mit Herzinsuffizienz Individualentscheidungen, die sich v. a. an pathophysiologischen Konzepten orientieren. Akute Blutungsverluste sind entsprechend den üblichen Verfahrensweisen zu ersetzen. Bestehen klinische Zeichen bzw. Surrogatparameter einer anämischen Hypoxie, so ist ebenfalls eine Bluttransfusion zu erwägen. Für alle übrigen Patienten sollten restriktive Transfusionstrigger Anwendung finden. Neben den therapeutischen Erwägungen sollten wir bei all unseren Patienten präventive Maßnahmen v. a. zur Vermeidung der iatrogenen Anämie des Intensivpatienten durch rezidivierende diagnostische Blutabnahmen ergreifen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Anämie und akute Herzinsuffizienz
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. U. Janssens
J. Graf
Publikationsdatum
01.09.2009
Verlag
D. Steinkopff-Verlag
Erschienen in
Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin / Ausgabe 6/2009
Print ISSN: 0175-3851
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1420
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00390-009-0074-8

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