Grundlagen der Allergiediagnostik

Zurück zum Zitat Schmitz R, Kuhnert R, Thamm M (2017) 12-Monats-Prävalenz von Allergien in Deutschland. J Health Monit 1:77–82 Schmitz R, Kuhnert R, Thamm M (2017) 12-Monats-Prävalenz von Allergien in Deutschland. J Health Monit 1:77–82

Zurück zum Zitat Langen U, Schmitz R, Steppuhn H (2013) Prevalence of allergic diseases in Germany: results of the German health interview and examination survey for adults (DEGS1). Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 56(5–6):698–706CrossRefPubMed Langen U, Schmitz R, Steppuhn H (2013) Prevalence of allergic diseases in Germany: results of the German health interview and examination survey for adults (DEGS1). Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 56(5–6):698–706CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Schmitz R, Atzpodien K, Schlaud M (2012) Prevalence and risk factors of atopic diseases in German children and adolescents. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 23(8):716–723CrossRefPubMed Schmitz R, Atzpodien K, Schlaud M (2012) Prevalence and risk factors of atopic diseases in German children and adolescents. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 23(8):716–723CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Mahler V, Nast A, Bauer A, Becker D, Brasch J, Breuer K et al (2019) S3 guidelines: epicutaneous patch testing with contact allergens and drugs—short version, part 1. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 17(10):1076–1093CrossRefPubMed Mahler V, Nast A, Bauer A, Becker D, Brasch J, Breuer K et al (2019) S3 guidelines: epicutaneous patch testing with contact allergens and drugs—short version, part 1. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 17(10):1076–1093CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Coombs RRA, Gell PGH (1968) Classification of allergic reactions responsible for clinical hypersensitivity and disease. Blackwell, Oxford Coombs RRA, Gell PGH (1968) Classification of allergic reactions responsible for clinical hypersensitivity and disease. Blackwell, Oxford

Zurück zum Zitat Pichler WJ (2003) Delayed drug hypersensitivity reactions. Ann Intern Med 139(8):683–693CrossRefPubMed Pichler WJ (2003) Delayed drug hypersensitivity reactions. Ann Intern Med 139(8):683–693CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Ring J, Messmer K (1977) Incidence and severity of anaphylactoid reactions to colloid volume substitutes. Lancet 1(8009):466–469CrossRefPubMed Ring J, Messmer K (1977) Incidence and severity of anaphylactoid reactions to colloid volume substitutes. Lancet 1(8009):466–469CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Worm M, Reese I, Ballmer-Weber B, Beyer K, Bischoff SC, Bohle B et al (2021) Update of the S2k guideline on the management of IgE-mediated food allergies. Allergol Select 5:195–243CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Worm M, Reese I, Ballmer-Weber B, Beyer K, Bischoff SC, Bohle B et al (2021) Update of the S2k guideline on the management of IgE-mediated food allergies. Allergol Select 5:195–243CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Zurück zum Zitat Wangorsch A, Lidholm J, Mattsson LA, Larsson H, Reuter A, Gubesch M et al (2022) Identification of a defensin as novel allergen in celery root: Api g 7 as a missing link in the diagnosis of celery allergy? Allergy 77(4):1294–1296CrossRefPubMed Wangorsch A, Lidholm J, Mattsson LA, Larsson H, Reuter A, Gubesch M et al (2022) Identification of a defensin as novel allergen in celery root: Api g 7 as a missing link in the diagnosis of celery allergy? Allergy 77(4):1294–1296CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Koster MA (2022) Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: an updated diagnostic guide for internists. Med Clin North Am 106(6):1055–1065CrossRefPubMed Koster MA (2022) Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: an updated diagnostic guide for internists. Med Clin North Am 106(6):1055–1065CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Farnam K, Chang C, Teuber S, Gershwin ME (2012) Nonallergic drug hypersensitivity reactions. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 159(4):327–345CrossRefPubMed Farnam K, Chang C, Teuber S, Gershwin ME (2012) Nonallergic drug hypersensitivity reactions. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 159(4):327–345CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Joshi SR, Khan DA (2021) Non-IgE-mediated drug hypersensitivity reactions. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 21(7):41CrossRefPubMed Joshi SR, Khan DA (2021) Non-IgE-mediated drug hypersensitivity reactions. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 21(7):41CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Johansson SG, Hourihane JO, Bousquet J, Bruijnzeel-Koomen C, Dreborg S, Haahtela T et al (2001) A revised nomenclature for allergy. An EAACI position statement from the EAACI nomenclature task force. Allergy 56(9):813–824CrossRefPubMed Johansson SG, Hourihane JO, Bousquet J, Bruijnzeel-Koomen C, Dreborg S, Haahtela T et al (2001) A revised nomenclature for allergy. An EAACI position statement from the EAACI nomenclature task force. Allergy 56(9):813–824CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Worm M, Francuzik W, Renaudin JM, Bilo MB, Cardona V, Scherer Hofmeier K et al (2018) Factors increasing the risk for a severe reaction in anaphylaxis: an analysis of data from the European anaphylaxis registry. Allergy 73(6):1322–1330CrossRefPubMed Worm M, Francuzik W, Renaudin JM, Bilo MB, Cardona V, Scherer Hofmeier K et al (2018) Factors increasing the risk for a severe reaction in anaphylaxis: an analysis of data from the European anaphylaxis registry. Allergy 73(6):1322–1330CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Brans R, Schroder-Kraft C, Skudlik C, John SM, Geier J (2019) Tertiary prevention of occupational skin diseases: prevalence of allergic contact dermatitis and pattern of patch test results. Contact Dermatitis 80(1):35–44CrossRefPubMed Brans R, Schroder-Kraft C, Skudlik C, John SM, Geier J (2019) Tertiary prevention of occupational skin diseases: prevalence of allergic contact dermatitis and pattern of patch test results. Contact Dermatitis 80(1):35–44CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Rueff F, Bergmann KC, Brockow K, Fuchs T, Grubl A, Jung K et al (2011) Skin tests for diagnostics of allergic immediate-type reactions. Guideline of the German society for allergology and clinical immunology. Pneumologie 65(8):484–495PubMed Rueff F, Bergmann KC, Brockow K, Fuchs T, Grubl A, Jung K et al (2011) Skin tests for diagnostics of allergic immediate-type reactions. Guideline of the German society for allergology and clinical immunology. Pneumologie 65(8):484–495PubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Marsh DG, Goodfriend L, King TP, Lowenstein H, Platts-Mills TA (1986) Allergen nomenclature. Bull World Health Organ 64(5):767–774PubMedPubMedCentral Marsh DG, Goodfriend L, King TP, Lowenstein H, Platts-Mills TA (1986) Allergen nomenclature. Bull World Health Organ 64(5):767–774PubMedPubMedCentral

Zurück zum Zitat Pomes A, Davies JM, Gadermaier G, Hilger C, Holzhauser T, Lidholm J et al (2018) WHO/IUIS allergen nomenclature: providing a common language. Mol Immunol 100:3–13CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Pomes A, Davies JM, Gadermaier G, Hilger C, Holzhauser T, Lidholm J et al (2018) WHO/IUIS allergen nomenclature: providing a common language. Mol Immunol 100:3–13CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Zurück zum Zitat Kleine-Tebbe J, Brans R, Jappe U (2022) Allergene – Auslöser der verschiedenen Allergievarianten. Allergo J 31(2):16–31CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kleine-Tebbe J, Brans R, Jappe U (2022) Allergene – Auslöser der verschiedenen Allergievarianten. Allergo J 31(2):16–31CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Zurück zum Zitat Barber D, Diaz-Perales A, Escribese MM, Kleine-Tebbe J, Matricardi PM, Ollert M et al (2021) Molecular allergology and its impact in specific allergy diagnosis and therapy. Allergy 76(12):3642–3658CrossRefPubMed Barber D, Diaz-Perales A, Escribese MM, Kleine-Tebbe J, Matricardi PM, Ollert M et al (2021) Molecular allergology and its impact in specific allergy diagnosis and therapy. Allergy 76(12):3642–3658CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Erkinjuntti-Pekkanen R, Reiman M, Kokkarinen JI, Tukiainen HO, Terho EO (1999) IgG antibodies, chronic bronchitis, and pulmonary function values in farmer’s lung patients and matched controls. Allergy 54(11):1181–1187CrossRefPubMed Erkinjuntti-Pekkanen R, Reiman M, Kokkarinen JI, Tukiainen HO, Terho EO (1999) IgG antibodies, chronic bronchitis, and pulmonary function values in farmer’s lung patients and matched controls. Allergy 54(11):1181–1187CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Santos AF, Alpan O, Hoffmann HJ (2021) Basophil activation test: mechanisms and considerations for use in clinical trials and clinical practice. Allergy 76(8):2420–2432CrossRefPubMed Santos AF, Alpan O, Hoffmann HJ (2021) Basophil activation test: mechanisms and considerations for use in clinical trials and clinical practice. Allergy 76(8):2420–2432CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Heine G, Schnuch A, Uter W, Worm M (2004) Frequency of contact allergy in German children and adolescents patch tested between 1995 and 2002: results from the information network of departments of dermatology and the German contact dermatitis research group. Contact Dermatitis 51(3):111–117CrossRefPubMed Heine G, Schnuch A, Uter W, Worm M (2004) Frequency of contact allergy in German children and adolescents patch tested between 1995 and 2002: results from the information network of departments of dermatology and the German contact dermatitis research group. Contact Dermatitis 51(3):111–117CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Heine G, Worm M (2007) Contact dermatitis in children. G Ital Dermatol Venereol 142(6):669–671 Heine G, Worm M (2007) Contact dermatitis in children. G Ital Dermatol Venereol 142(6):669–671

Zurück zum Zitat Lefevre MA, Nosbaum A, Rozieres A, Lenief V, Mosnier A, Cortial A et al (2021) Unique molecular signatures typify skin inflammation induced by chemical allergens and irritants. Allergy 76(12):3697–3712CrossRefPubMed Lefevre MA, Nosbaum A, Rozieres A, Lenief V, Mosnier A, Cortial A et al (2021) Unique molecular signatures typify skin inflammation induced by chemical allergens and irritants. Allergy 76(12):3697–3712CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Bacher P, Heinrich F, Stervbo U, Nienen M, Vahldieck M, Iwert C et al (2016) Regulatory T cell specificity directs tolerance versus allergy against aeroantigens in humans. Cell 167(4):1067–78.e16CrossRefPubMed Bacher P, Heinrich F, Stervbo U, Nienen M, Vahldieck M, Iwert C et al (2016) Regulatory T cell specificity directs tolerance versus allergy against aeroantigens in humans. Cell 167(4):1067–78.e16CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Bacher P, Hohnstein T, Beerbaum E, Rocker M, Blango MG, Kaufmann S et al (2019) Human anti-fungal Th17 immunity and pathology rely on cross-reactivity against Candida albicans. Cell 176(6):1340–55.e15CrossRefPubMed Bacher P, Hohnstein T, Beerbaum E, Rocker M, Blango MG, Kaufmann S et al (2019) Human anti-fungal Th17 immunity and pathology rely on cross-reactivity against Candida albicans. Cell 176(6):1340–55.e15CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Aparicio-Soto M, Riedel F, Leddermann M, Bacher P, Scheffold A, Kuhl H et al (2020) TCRs with segment TRAV9‑2 or a CDR3 histidine are overrepresented among nickel-specific CD4+ T cells. Allergy 75(10):2574–2586CrossRefPubMed Aparicio-Soto M, Riedel F, Leddermann M, Bacher P, Scheffold A, Kuhl H et al (2020) TCRs with segment TRAV9‑2 or a CDR3 histidine are overrepresented among nickel-specific CD4+ T cells. Allergy 75(10):2574–2586CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Brockow K, Przybilla B, Aberer W, Bircher AJ, Brehler R, Dickel H et al (2015) Guideline for the diagnosis of drug hypersensitivity reactions: S2K-Guideline of the German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology (DGAKI) and the German Dermatological Society (DDG) in collaboration with the Association of German Allergologists (AeDA), the German Society for Pediatric Allergology and Environmental Medicine (GPA), the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG), the Swiss Society for Allergy and Immunology (SGAI), the Austrian Society for Allergology and Immunology (OGAI), the German Academy of Allergology and Environmental Medicine (DAAU), the German Center for Documentation of Severe Skin Reactions and the German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Products (BfArM). Allergo J Int 24(3):94–105CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Brockow K, Przybilla B, Aberer W, Bircher AJ, Brehler R, Dickel H et al (2015) Guideline for the diagnosis of drug hypersensitivity reactions: S2K-Guideline of the German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology (DGAKI) and the German Dermatological Society (DDG) in collaboration with the Association of German Allergologists (AeDA), the German Society for Pediatric Allergology and Environmental Medicine (GPA), the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG), the Swiss Society for Allergy and Immunology (SGAI), the Austrian Society for Allergology and Immunology (OGAI), the German Academy of Allergology and Environmental Medicine (DAAU), the German Center for Documentation of Severe Skin Reactions and the German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Products (BfArM). Allergo J Int 24(3):94–105CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Zurück zum Zitat Riechelmann H, Bachert C, Goldschmidt O, Hauswald B, Klimek L, Schlenter WW et al (2003) Application of the nasal provocation test on diseases of the upper airways. Position paper of the German society for allergology and clinical immunology (ENT section) in cooperation with the working team for clinical immunology. Laryngorhinootologie 82(3):183–188CrossRefPubMed Riechelmann H, Bachert C, Goldschmidt O, Hauswald B, Klimek L, Schlenter WW et al (2003) Application of the nasal provocation test on diseases of the upper airways. Position paper of the German society for allergology and clinical immunology (ENT section) in cooperation with the working team for clinical immunology. Laryngorhinootologie 82(3):183–188CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Reese I, Ballmer-Weber B, Beyer K, Dolle-Bierke S, Kleine-Tebbe J, Klimek L et al (2021) Guideline on management of suspected adverse reactions to ingested histamine: guideline of the German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology (DGAKI), the Society for Pediatric Allergology and Environmental Medicine (GPA), the Medical Association of German Allergologists (AeDA) as well as the Swiss Society for Allergology and Immunology (SGAI) and the Austrian Society for Allergology and Immunology (OGAI). Allergol Select 5:305–314CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Reese I, Ballmer-Weber B, Beyer K, Dolle-Bierke S, Kleine-Tebbe J, Klimek L et al (2021) Guideline on management of suspected adverse reactions to ingested histamine: guideline of the German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology (DGAKI), the Society for Pediatric Allergology and Environmental Medicine (GPA), the Medical Association of German Allergologists (AeDA) as well as the Swiss Society for Allergology and Immunology (SGAI) and the Austrian Society for Allergology and Immunology (OGAI). Allergol Select 5:305–314CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Zurück zum Zitat Manson LEN, Swen JJ, Guchelaar HJ (2020) Diagnostic test criteria for HLA genotyping to prevent drug hypersensitivity reactions: a systematic review of actionable HLA recommendations in CPIC and DPWG guidelines. Front Pharmacol 11:567048CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Manson LEN, Swen JJ, Guchelaar HJ (2020) Diagnostic test criteria for HLA genotyping to prevent drug hypersensitivity reactions: a systematic review of actionable HLA recommendations in CPIC and DPWG guidelines. Front Pharmacol 11:567048CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral