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Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt 7/2019

04.02.2019 | Agoraphobie | Übersichten

Die Entwicklung virtueller Realität als Expositionsverfahren

verfasst von: Julia Diemer, Prof. Dr. Peter Zwanzger

Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt | Ausgabe 7/2019

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Virtuelle Realität (VR) wird seit 20 Jahren als Expositionsverfahren in der Verhaltenstherapie von Angststörungen untersucht. Inzwischen liegen mehrere Metaanalysen mit überzeugenden Wirksamkeitsbelegen vor.

Fragestellung

In den letzten Jahren hat eine enorme Weiterentwicklung der VR-Technologie und der damit verbundenen Möglichkeiten stattgefunden, die weiterhin andauert. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird der aktuelle Stand von VR als Expositionsmethode dargestellt.

Material und Methoden

Wir bieten einen narrativen Überblick über aktuelle Forschung zu VR-Expositionstherapie bei Angststörungen und die wichtigsten Entwicklungen in diesem Bereich.

Ergebnisse

Nach einem anfangs fast ausschließlichen Fokus auf spezifische Phobien nimmt die Zahl der Arbeiten zu komplexeren Angststörungen (v. a. soziale Angststörung) zu. Zudem hat sich VR inzwischen als experimentelle Methode etabliert, um psychopathologische Prozesse zu erforschen und die Wirkmechanismen von (VR-)Exposition zu erhellen.

Diskussion

Nach wie vor besteht Forschungsbedarf zur VR-Expositionstherapie, v. a. bei komplexen Angststörungen (z. B. Panikstörung und Agoraphobie, soziale Phobie) und Traumafolgestörungen. Darüber hinaus hat sich VR als Forschungsmethode inzwischen etabliert. Die rasche technische Entwicklung im VR-Bereich lässt eine weitere Zunahme der Forschungsaktivitäten zu VR erwarten – sowohl in der klinischen als auch in der Grundlagenforschung.
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Metadaten
Titel
Die Entwicklung virtueller Realität als Expositionsverfahren
verfasst von
Julia Diemer
Prof. Dr. Peter Zwanzger
Publikationsdatum
04.02.2019
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Der Nervenarzt / Ausgabe 7/2019
Print ISSN: 0028-2804
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-019-0678-6

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