Background
Methods
Materials
Preparation of plant extracts
Phytochemical studies of the PS extracts
Cell culture
Determination of cytotoxicity
Determination of genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity
Statistical analysis
Results and discussion
Determination of phytochemical constituents of PS extracts
Atom C/H | δH (ppm) | J (Hz) | δC (ppm) | HMBC (H → C) |
---|---|---|---|---|
2 | 4.55 d | 7.4 | 82.88 | C-4, C-3, C-9 |
3 | 3.96 ddd | 5.5/7.5/8.1 | 68.83 | C-10 |
4 | (α) 2.84 dd | 15.9/5.5 | 28.54 | C-2, C-3, C-9, C-10 |
(β) 2.84 dd | 15.9/8.0 | |||
5 | - | - | 156.92 | |
6 | 5.84 d | 2.2 | 95.51 | C-8, C-10 |
7 | - | - | 157.59 | |
8 | 5.91 d | 2.2 | 96.30 | C-6, C-10 |
9 | - | - | 157.86 | |
10 | - | - | 100.83 | |
1′ | - | - | 132.35 | |
2′ | 6.82 d | 1.9 | 115.27 | C-1′, C-2 |
3’ | - | - | 146.23 | |
4’ | - | - | 146.23 | |
5’ | 6.75 d | 8.2 | 116.08 | C-1′ |
6’ | 6.70 dd | 8.2/1.9 | 120.03 | C-2 |
Atom C/H | δH (ppm) | J (Hz) | δC (ppm) | HMBC (H → C) |
---|---|---|---|---|
2 | 4.51 d | 7.2 | 82.89 | C-4, C-1’ |
3 | 3.95 m | - | 68.78 | C-4, C-10 |
4 | (α) 2.80 dd | 16.2/5.5 | 28.13 | C-10 |
(β) 2.48 dd | 16.2/7.7 | |||
5 | - | - | 156.85 | |
6 | 5.84 d | 2.2 | 95.53 | C-8, C-10 |
7 | - | - | 157.60 | |
8 | 5.91 d | 2.2 | 96.28 | C-6, C-10 |
9 | - | - | 157.84 | |
10 | - | - | 100.73 | |
1’ | - | - | 131.60 | |
2’ | 6.39 s | - | 107.20 | C-2, C-6′ |
3’ | - | - | 146.87 | |
4’ | - | - | 134.01 | |
5’ | - | - | 146.87 | |
6’ | 6.39 s | - | 107.20 | C-2, C-2’ |
Atom C/H | δH (ppm) | J (Hz) | δC (ppm) |
---|---|---|---|
2 | - | - | 82.89 |
3 | - | - | 68.78 |
4 | - | - | 28.13 |
5 | - | - | 156.85 |
6 | 6.19 d | 1.8 | 95.53 |
7 | - | - | 157.60 |
8 | 6.38 d | 2.4 | 96.28 |
9 | - | - | 157.84 |
10 | - | - | 100.73 |
1’ | - | - | 131.60 |
2’ | 7.66 d | 1.8 | 107.20 |
3’ | - | - | 146.87 |
4’ | - | - | 134.01 |
5’ | 6.86 d | 8.5 | 146.87 |
6’ | 7.64 dd | 8.5/1.8 | 107.20 |
β-Glucose | |||
1” | 5.10 d | 7.9 | 104.8 |
2” | 3.46 dd | 9.8/7.5 | 75.7 |
3” | 3.25 t | 9.8 | 78.1 |
4” | 3.29 ϕ | ϕ | 71.4 |
5” | 3.38 m
| 77.1 | |
6”a | 3.79 dd | 11.0/1.2 | 68.6 |
6”b | 3.63 dd | 12.0/4.9 | |
α-rhamnose | |||
1” | 4.51 d | 1.8 | 102.4 |
2” | 3.63 dd | 3.7/1.8 | 72.1 |
3” | 3.53 dd | 9.8/3.7 | 72.2 |
4” | 3.28 t | 9.8 | 73.9 |
5” | 3.43 m
| - | 69.7 |
6” | 1.12 d | 6.7 | 17.9 |