Application of bovine bone versus bovine DBM graft on bone healing of radial defect in rat

Reconstruction of the fractured bone and bone healing biology is compound processes, and the effectiveness of osteosynthesis is determined by their success. Currently, autografts or allografts and mineral bone substitutes are used commonly for skeletal restoration. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of bovine demineralized bone matrix (DBM) and bovine bone (bovine xenografts) on the bone healing process in rat. Sixteen female Sprague-Dawley rats were used in separate four groups: autograft (positive control, n = 4), untreated defect (negative control, n = 4), bovine DBM (n = 4), and bovine bone graft (n = 4). Radiological, histopathological, and biomechanical evaluations were done during the study, and results were recorded and analyzed statistically. At the 56th postoperative day, there was no significant differences in different groups in the biomechanical and radiographical criteria (P > 0.05), but there were significant differences in the mode of union and cancellous bone formation between the groups in histopathological evaluation at the 56th postoperative day (P < 0.05); the present study showed that there was no difference in the radiological and biomechanical performances of the healing bones between the bovine DBM and bovine bone graft.