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Erschienen in:
13.03.2020
Are Health Behaviors and Self-Rated Health Related to Cardiovascular Health and Functional Performance? Results from the Lookup 7+ Cross-Sectional Survey among Persons Aged 65+
Erschienen in: The journal of nutrition, health & aging | Ausgabe 4/2020
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Objectives
Cardiovascular health (CVH) and physical performance (PP) are key factors of successful ageing. This study investigated whether self-reported CVH behaviours and self-rated health (SRH) are related to ideal CVH and PP.
Design
Cross-sectional survey.
Setting
Public places in Italy (e.g. exhibitions, malls, health promotion campaigns), outside of conventional healthcare settings.
Participants
1415 community-living persons aged 65+ years (mean age 72.2 ± 5.4; 58.4% female).
Measurements
Three ideal CVH behaviors [regular physical activity (PA), healthy diet, no smoking] and SRH (1 excellent — 4 poor) were assessed through a brief questionnaire. Four ideal CVH factors [iBMI ≤ 25 kg/m2, untreated random total blood cholesterol ≤200 mg/dl, absence of diabetes (untreated random blood glucose ≤200 mg/dl), untreated blood pressure (iBP) <140/90mmHg] and two ideal PP factors [grip strength (iGrip), 5-repetition chair-stand test <10 seconds (iStand)] were measured.
Results
Adjusted for age and gender, regular PA was positively related to CVH factor score (β = 0.1; p = <.001), iBMI (OR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.5-2.3), iBP (OR = 1.3; 95% CI = 1.1-1.6) and iStand (OR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.3-2.1). Healthy diet was positively related to CVH factor score (β = 0.1; p = <.05) and iGrip (OR = 1.4; 95% CI = 1.1-1.8). Participants rating SRH as “good” (OR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.1-3.9) and “not so good” (OR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.2-4.5) met iDiabetes more often than those with poor SRH. Moreover, iStand (OR = 3.2; 95% CI = 1.6-6.6) and iGrip (OR = 4.2; 95% = CI 2.0-8.8) were more prevalent among participants with excellent SRH compared with those with poor SRH.
Conclusions
Physical activity, diet and self-rated health may provide quick and easy-to-assess metrics to identify persons aged 65+ years at risk of cardiovascular events and functional impairment, who could particularly benefit from engaging in health promotion programs.