Background
Methods
Study population
Anthropometric measurements
Serum analysis
Blood pressure measurement
Definition of CVD risk factors
Statistical analysis
Results
Characteristics of study subjects
Variables | Total (N = 537) | Male (N = 124) | Female (N = 413) | P.Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 102.6 ± 2.8 | 102.3 ± 2.4 | 102.8 ± 2.9 | 0.060 |
Illiterate | 87.3 | 58.1 | 95.2 | <0.001 |
Widowed | 88.8 | 62.9 | 93.5 | <0.001 |
Han nationality | 83.6 | 80.6 | 84.5 | 0.309 |
Smoker | 9.9 | 5.6 | 6.1 | 0.048 |
Alcohol drinker | 13.6 | 25.8 | 9.9 | <0.001 |
Tea drinker | 16.6 | 29.8 | 12.4 | <0.001 |
No. of children | 4.2 ± 2.2 | 4.5 ± 2.0 | 4.1 ± 2.3 | 0.027 |
Characteristics | Total (n = 537) | Male (n = 124) | Female (n = 413) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Anthropometric measures | ||||
Height (m) | 146.00 ± 9.37 | 155.29 ± 7.60 | 143.21 ± 7.94 | < 0.001 |
Weight (kg) | 38.45 ± 8.72 | 45.79 ± 7.10 | 36.24 ± 7.92 | < 0.001 |
Waist (cm) | 75.49 ± 9.17 | 76.60 ± 8.82 | 75.15 ± 9.26 | 0.202 |
Hip (cm) | 83.96 ± 7.05 | 85.93 ± 7.04 | 83.37 ± 6.96 | < 0.001 |
Anthropometric indices | ||||
BMI | 17.99 ± 3.50 | 18.99 ± 2.66 | 17.69 ± 3.67 | < 0.001 |
WHR | 0.90 ± 0.09 | 0.89 ± 0.07 | 0.90 ± 0.09 | 0.241 |
WHtR | 0.52 ± 0.07 | 0.49 ± 0.06 | 0.53 ± 0.07 | < 0.001 |
CVD Risk Factors measurements | ||||
SBP (mm Hg) | 153.20 ± 23.99 | 148.93 ± 21.35 | 154.48 ± 24.61 | 0.024 |
DBP (mm Hg) | 74.71 ± 12.72 | 73.50 ± 11.78 | 75.07 ± 12.98 | 0.230 |
TC (mg/dl) | 135.05 ± 28.36 | 169.70 ± 38.27 | 185.89 ± 37.49 | < 0.001 |
TG (mg/dl) | 103.73 ± 57.92 | 94.11 ± 41.12 | 106.63 ± 61.84 | 0.012 |
HDL-C (mg/dl) | 55.36 ± 14.72 | 50.88 ± 13.83 | 56.71 ± 14.73 | < 0.001 |
LDL-C (mg/dl) | 109.82 ± 30.80 | 101.87 ± 29.62 | 112.21 ± 30.79 | 0.001 |
Prevalence of CVD Risk Factors, n (%) | ||||
Hypertension | 164.58 ± 17.48 | 160.44 ± 14.62 | 181.74 ± 12.71 | 0.006 |
High TC | 265.78 ± 22.17 | 263.56 ± 20.50 | 266.27 ± 22.80 | 0.774 |
High TG | 280.73 ± 147.83 | 220.03 ± 17.92 | 294.22 ± 160.87 | 0.035 |
Low HDL-C | 34.92 ± 4.20 | 34.46 ± 4.31 | 35.26 ± 4.14 | 0.432 |
High LDL-C | 179.71 ± 20.20 | 175.43 ± 13.98 | 180.52 ± 21.25 | 0.579 |
Correlations between anthropometric measures and CVD risk factor variables
Variables | BMI | WC | WHR | WHtR |
---|---|---|---|---|
Overall (n = 537) | ||||
SBP | 0.115** | 0.124** | 0.070 | 0.114** |
DBP | 0.082 | 0.139** | 0.035 | 0.095* |
TC | 0.097* | 0.108* | 0.058 | 0.138** |
TG | 0.219** | 0.178** | 0.032 | 0.171** |
HDL-C | −0.166** | −0.123** | −0.023 | −0.044 |
LDL-C | 0.160** | 0.160** | 0.075 | 0.161** |
Male (124) | ||||
SBP | 0.055 | 0.170 | 0.073 | 0.164 |
DBP | −0.023 | 0.228* | 0.063 | 0.147 |
TC | 0.122 | 0.040 | −0.030 | 0.118 |
TG | 0.268** | 0.179* | 0.033 | 0.195* |
HDL-C | −0.156 | −0.075 | − 0.094 | −0.015 |
LDL-C | 0.188* | 0.101 | −0.017 | 0.137 |
Female (413) | ||||
SBP | 0.162** | 0.120* | 0.068 | 0.079 |
DBP | 0.122* | 0.119* | 0.029 | 0.074 |
TC | 0.131** | 0.151** | 0.082 | 0.108* |
TG | 0.226** | 0.183** | 0.022 | 0.142** |
HDL-C | −0.132** | −0.126* | −0.014 | −0.104* |
LDL-C | 0.188** | 0.194** | 0.097* | 0.141** |
Association of various anthropometric measures and CVD risk factors using ROC curve analyses
Variables | BMI | WC | WHR | WHtR |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hypertension | 0.546 (0.492-0.600) | 0.551 (0.496-0.605) | 0.536 (0.481-0.590) | 0.531 (0.478-0.585) |
High TC | 0.530 (0.448-0.611) | 0.548 (0.457-0.639) | 0.529 (0.433-0.626) | 0.527 (0.434-0.620) |
High TG |
0.698 (0.591-0.805)
|
0.638 (0.519-0.757)
| 0.475 (0.365-0.586) |
0.631 (0.520-0.742)
|
Low HDL-C |
0.661 (0.595-0.728)
|
0.578 (0.502-0.654)
| 0.536 (0.463-0.609) | 0.513 (0.438-0.588) |
High LDL-C | 0.577 (0.499-0.654) | 0.574 (0.482-0.666) | 0.516 (0.420-0.611) | 0.554 (0.459-0.649) |
Association of various anthropometric indices and CVD risk factors in female centenarians
Variables | BMI | WC | WHR | WHtR | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(>17.5 VS ≤ 17.5) | (>80 VS ≤ 80) | (>0.8 VS ≤ 0.8) | (>0.6 VS ≤ 0.6) | |||||
Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | |
Hypertension | 1.07 (0.69~ 1.65) | 1.09 (0.69~ 1.72) | 1.04 (0.63~ 1.73) | 0.92 (0.54~ 1.57) | 1.05 (0.49~ 2.27) | 1.04 (0.47~ 2.29) | 1.42 (0.6~ 3.21) | 1.57 (0.66~ 3.71) |
High TC | 1.24 (0.60~ 2.55) | 0.38 (0.10~ 1.48) | 2.31* (1.10~ 4.87) | 1.70 (0.49~ 5.95) | 0.89 (0.26~ 3.07) | 1.09 (0.14~ 8.72) | 1.51 (0.50~ 4.56) | 0.67 (0.10~ 4.58) |
High TGa | 10.59** (2.40~ 46.67) | 8.95** (2.00~ 40.04) | 4.24** (1.62~ 11.05) | 3.66* (1.33~ 10.06) |
–
|
–
| 3.13 (0.98~ 10.07) | 2.62 (0.76~ 9.01) |
Low HDL-C | 2.30* (1.18~ 4.48) | 2.16* (1.08~ 4.30) | 1.95 (0.99~ 3.85) | 2.02 (0.99~ 4.11) | 0.84 (0.28~ 2.51) | 0.81 (0.27~ 2.45) | 2.87* (1.21~ 6.78) | 3.11* (1.26~ 7.68) |
High LDL-C | 2.16* (1.03~ 4.54) | 4.44* (1.10~ 17.93) | 2.31* (1.10~ 4.87) | 1.45 (0.41~ 5.16) | 0.89 (0.26~ 3.07) | 0.82 (0.10~ 6.79) | 2.02 (0.73~ 5.60) | 2.67 (0.44~ 16.19) |