Background
Methods
Participants
Materials
Data analysis
Results
Patient demographics and chronological changes in SDS score
n (%) | Preop | 3 month postop | 6 month postop | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | under 65 | 47 (46.5) | 41.32 | 42.87 | 41.94 |
65 or over | 54 (53.5) | 40.26 | 41.07 | 41.06 | |
Sex | male | 53 (52.5) | 40.28 | 42.00 | 42.40 |
female | 48 (47.5) | 41.27 | 41.81 | 40.44 | |
Operation | PD | 48 (47.5) | 40.85 | 43.21 † | 42.23 |
DP | 42 (41.6) | 40.83 | 39.52 | 39.93 | |
TP | 11 (10.9) | 40.00 | 45.36 | 44.00 | |
Clavian_Dindo | 0 | 24 (23.8) | 38.92 | 39.58 | 40.17 |
I | 18 (17.8) | 42.83 | 41.83 | 41.67 | |
II | 26 (25.7) | 40.15 | 41.12 | 39.23 | |
III a | 28 (27.7) | 42.71 | 45.25 | 46.07 | |
III b | 3 (3.0) | 35.00 | 39.67 | 32.00 | |
IV a | 2 (2.0) | 33.00 | 37.50 | 34.00 | |
Histology | benign | 28 (27.7) | 37.89 | 37.75 | 37.71 |
malignant | 73 (72.3) | 41.85 ** | 43.51 ** | 42.92 * | |
under 65 | 32 (43.8) | 42.56 | 44.59 | 42.47 ‡ | |
65 or over | 41 (56.2) | 41.29 | 42.66 | 43.24 | |
male | 42 (57.5) | 40.83 | 43.19 | 42.93 | |
female | 31 (42.5) | 43.23 | 43.94 | 42.87 | |
PD | 41 (56.2) | 41.15 | 43.44† | 42.98 | |
DP | 23 (31.5) | 43.52 | 42.39 | 41.83 | |
TP | 9 (12.3) | 40.78 | 46.67 | 45.33 | |
R status | R0 | 66 (90.4) | 41.88 | 43.27 | 42.86 |
R1 | 7 (9.6) | 41.57 | 45.71 | 43.29 |
Chronological changes in subjective physical symptoms
Associations between physical symptoms and SDS score
SDS (rs) | 3 M SDS (rs) | 6 M SDS (rs) | |
---|---|---|---|
1. I have swelling or cramps in my stomach area | −.016 | −.070 | .384*** |
2. I am losing weight | −.065 | −.117 | .370*** |
3. I have control of my bowels | −.291** | −.165 | −.329*** |
4. I can digest my food well | −.255* | −.330*** | −.436*** |
5. I have diarrhea (diarrhoea) | −.070 | −.043 | .130 |
6. I have a good appetite | −.170 | −.378*** | −.354*** |
7. I am unhappy about a change in my appearance | −.031 | .038 | .274** |
8. I have pain in my back | .041 | −.143 | .073 |
9. I am bothered by constipation | .011 | −.034 | .060 |
10. I feel fatigued | −.063 | .002 | .538*** |
11. I am able to do my usual activities | −.295** | −.400*** | −.330*** |
12. I am bothered by jaundice or yellow color to my skin | −.044 | −.099 | .104 |
13. I have had fevers (episodes of high body temperature) | −.011 | −.034 | .205* |
14. I have had itching | −.005 | −.031 | .220* |
15. I have had a change in the way food tastes | −.031 | .039 | .292** |
16. I have had chills | .025 | −.102 | .287** |
17. My mouth is dry | −.056 | −.084 | .284** |
18. have discomfort or pain in my stomach area | .006 | .031 | .392*** |
19. I have a lack of energy | .567*** | .659*** | .498*** |
20. I have nausea | .209* | .277** | .159 |
21. I have pain | .449*** | .370*** | .348*** |
B | β | P value | 95% CI [LL, UL] | |
---|---|---|---|---|
41.12 | <.000 | [36.34, 45.90] | ||
3. I have control of my bowels | −0.90 | − 0.14 | 0.110 | [− 2.01, 0.21] |
4. I can digest my food well | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.876 | [1.37, − 1.17] |
11. I am able to do my usual activities | −1.11 | −0.15 | 0.076 | [0.12, −2.33] |
19. I have a lack of energy | 3.26 | 0.42 | <.000 | [4.58, 1.94] |
20. I have nausea | 1.31 | 0.02 | 0.859 | [2.83, −2.36] |
21. I have pain | 2.20 | 0.22 | 0.018 | [4.01, 0.39] |
R2 = 0.43, p < .0001 |
B | β | P value | 95% CI [LL, UL] | |
---|---|---|---|---|
37.78 | <.000 | [31.69, 43.88] | ||
4. I can digest my food well | −0.76 | −0.10 | 0.269 | [−2.16, 0.60] |
6. I have a good appetite | −0.02 | −0.002 | 0.982 | [1.48, 1.44] |
11. I am able to do my usual activities | −1.44 | −0.17 | 0.031 | [−2.75, −0.14] |
19. I have a lack of energy | 4.32 | 0.52 | <.000 | [2.97, 5.67] |
20. I have nausea | 0.85 | 0.07 | 0.387 | [−1.09, 2.78] |
21. I have pain | 1.55 | 0.14 | 0.076 | [−0.17, 3.26] |
R2 = 0.51, p < .0001 |
B | β | P value | 95% CI [LL, UL] | |
---|---|---|---|---|
41.41 | <.000 | [35.54, 47.27] | ||
1. I have swelling or cramps in my stomach area | 2.52 | 0.23 | 0.034 | [0.19, 4.86] |
2. I am losing weight | 1.22 | 0.18 | 0.050 | [−0.00, 2.44] |
3. I have control of my bowels | −1.46 | −0.19 | 0.049 | [−2.91, − 0.01] |
4. I can digest my food well | −0.88 | − 0.11 | 0.293 | [− 2.52, 0.77] |
6. I have a good appetite | −0.82 | --0.11 | 0.263 | [−2.25, 0.62] |
7. I am unhappy about a change in my appearance | −0.15 | −0.02 | 0.845 | [− 1.63, 1.34] |
10. I feel fatigued | 1.80 | 0.20 | 0.089 | [−0.28, 3.87] |
11. I am able to do my usual activities | −0.10 | −0.01 | 0.890 | [−1.60, 1.39] |
13. I have had fevers (episodes of high body temperature) | −0.84 | − 0.08 | 0.425 | [−2.93, 1.25] |
14. I have had itching | 0.81 | 0.010 | 0.266 | [−0.63, 2.24] |
15. I have had a change in the way food tastes | −0.51 | −0.08 | 0.467 | [−1.91, 0.88] |
16. I have had chills | −0.02 | − 0.00 | 0.980 | [−1.46, 1.43] |
17. My mouth is dry | 0.26 | 0.04 | 0.730 | [−1.24, 1.76] |
18. I have discomfort or pain in my stomach area | 0.42 | 0.05 | 0.641 | [−1.38, 2.23] |
19. I have a lack of energy | 1.34 | 0.17 | 0.151 | [−0.50, 3.19] |
21. I have pain | 0.20 | 0.02 | 0.844 | [−1.82, 2.22] |
R2 = 0.52, p < .0001 |