03.01.2019 | Original Article | Ausgabe 2/2019
Association of apolipoprotein A-V with mRNA expression of IL-6 and NF-κB genes in type 2 diabetes with hypertriglyceridemia: a possible link with inflammation
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Abstract
Background
Hypertriglyceridemia and inflammation are implicated in cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). While some studies have evaluated apolipoprotein A-V protein (Apo A-V) in diabetes and its effect on triglycerides (TG) levels, only a few have explored its relation with inflammatory markers.
Objectives
To evaluate the expression of mRNA genes involved in inflammatory response (IL-6 and NF-κB) and to study their association with Apo A-V in patients of T2DM, with and without hypertriglyceridemia.
Methods
Two groups of T2DM patients, comprising of 40 participants each, were constituted according to NCEP ATP III criteria for CVD risk: group 1/controls (TG ≤ 1.65 mmol/l) and group 2/cases (TG ≥ 2.2 mmol/l). Serum levels of Apo A-V, free fatty acids (FFA) and IL-6 were estimated. Fold change in mRNA expression of IL-6 and NF-κB (p65) gene in blood was calculated by ΔΔCT method.
Observations
The mRNA expression of IL-6 and p65 was higher in cases. Significant inverse association of Apo A-V levels was observed with expression of p65 gene (p = 0.000) and IL-6 gene (p = 0.003) in all subjects. FFA levels also correlated inversely with the expression of p65 (p = 0.001) and IL-6 (p = 0.005) mRNA. The association of FFA levels and ApoA-V with mRNA expression of IL-6 and p65 genes was independent of each other.
Conclusion
This study highlights that inflammatory pathways are unregulated in hypertriglyceridemia in T2DM. Also, apart from its association with TG levels, Apo A-V may have an anti-inflammatory role as evident from its inverse association with the expression of IL-6 and NF-κB expression. Thus, Apo A-V may provide an important link between TGs, inflammation, and vascular complications in T2DM.