Background
Methods
Patients and specimens
Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
Immunoreactivity evaluation
Cell culture
Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)
Western blotting
Cell migration and invasion assays
Statistical analysis
Results
Distribution of TAMs in Kazakh ESCC
Groups | Cases(N) | Islets (mean ± SD) |
P
| Stroma (mean ± SD) |
P
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ESCCs | 100 | 13.43 ± 9.22 | <0.001 | 57.96 ± 26.53 | <0.001 |
CANs | 100 | 1.82 ± 1.71 | 22.23 ± 9.85 |
Expression of EMT-related proteins in Kazakh ESCC and their correlation with clinicopathological parameters
Groups | Cases | E-cadherin expression | X2 |
P
| Vimentin expression |
X
2
|
P
| ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low | high | low | high | ||||||
0/1 + (%) | 2+/3 + (%) | 0/1 + (%) | 2+/3 + (%) | ||||||
ESCCs | 100 | 42(42%) | 58(58%) | 40.768 | <0.001 | 53(53%) | 47(47%) | 61.438 | <0.001 |
CANs | 100 | 4(4%) | 96(96%) | 100(100%) | 0(0%) |
Variable | Cases | E-cadherin low expression 0/1 + (%) | E-cadherin high expression 2+/3 + (%) | X2 |
P
| Vimentin low expression 0/1 + (%) | Vimentin high expression 2+/3 + (%) | X2 |
P
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age(y) | |||||||||
≤58 | 58 | 29(50%) | 29(50%) | 3.628 | 0.057 | 30(51.7%) | 28(48.3%) | 0.090 | 0.764 |
> 59 | 42 | 13(31%) | 29(69%) | 23(54.8%) | 19(45.2%) | ||||
Gender | |||||||||
Male | 62 | 30(48.4%) | 32(51.6%) | 2.732 | 0.098 | 26(41.9%) | 36(58.1%) | 8.109 | 0.005* |
Female | 38 | 12(31.6%) | 26(68.4%) | 27(71.1%) | 11(28.9%) | ||||
Differentiation | |||||||||
High | 26 | 9(34.6%) | 17(65.4%) | 0.055a | 0.814a | 13(50%) | 13(50%) | ||
Moderate | 47 | 15(31.9%) | 32(68.1%) | 8.382b | 0.004b# | 30(63.8%) | 17(36.2%) | 5.069 | 0.079 |
Poor | 27 | 18(66.7%) | 9(33.3%) | 5.445c | 0.020c | 1(37%) | 2(63%) | ||
Depth of invasion | |||||||||
T1-T2 | 29 | 3(10.3%) | 26(89.7%) | 16.802 | <0.001* | 25(86.2%) | 4(13.8%) | 18.081 | < 0.001* |
T3-T4 | 71 | 39(54.9%) | 32(45.1%) | 28(39.4%) | 43(60.6%) | ||||
Clinical stage | |||||||||
I-II | 65 | 19(29.2%) | 46(70.8%) | 12.431 | <0.001* | 45(69.2%) | 20(30.8%) | 19.640 | < 0.001* |
III-IV | 35 | 23(65.7%) | 12(34.3%) | 8(22.9%) | 27(77.1%) | ||||
Lymph node metastasis | |||||||||
pN- | 55 | 18(32.7%) | 37(67.3%) | 4.314 | 0.038* | 37(67.3%) | 18(32.7%) | 9.995 | 0.002* |
pN+ | 45 | 24(53.3%) | 21(46.7%) | 16(35.6%) | 29(64.4%) | ||||
Lymphatic metastasis | |||||||||
pN- | 32 | 7(21.9%) | 25(78.1%) | 7.824 | 0.005* | 23(71.9%) | 9(28.1%) | 6.730 | 0.009* |
pN+ | 68 | 35(51.5%) | 33(48.5%) | 30(44.1%) | 43(55.9%) |
Distribution of TAMs was associated with EMT in Kazakh ESCC tissues
Characteristics | TAM density in tumor nest
r / P
| TAM density in tumor stroma
r / P
| E-cadherin
r / P
|
---|---|---|---|
TAM density in tumor nest | 1 | ||
TAM density in tumor stroma | 0.380 /<0.001* | 1 | |
E-cadherin | 0.066/0.517 | −0.112/0.272 | 1 |
Vimentin | −0.166/0.102 | 0.319/0.001* | −0.619/< 0.001* |