Background
Methods
Data sources and searches
Inclusion and exclusion criteria
Data extraction
Data synthesis and statistical analysis
Results
Study selection and characteristics
Author | Year | Ethnicity | Sample Size | ERα XbaI | HWE | ||||||||||
Case | Control | ||||||||||||||
Case | Control | X | x | XX | Xx | xx | X | x | XX | Xx | xx | ||||
Shang et al. | 2016 | Asian | 198 | 276 | 338 | 58 | 146 | 46 | 6 | 109 | 443 | 10 | 89 | 177 | 0.77 |
Wang et al. | 2015 | Asian | 72 | 72 | 125 | 19 | 55 | 15 | 2 | 132 | 12 | 62 | 8 | 2 | 0.21 |
Li et al. | 2014 | Asian | 440 | 791 | 254 | 626 | 31 | 192 | 217 | 404 | 1178 | 48 | 308 | 435 | 0.50 |
Erdogan et al. | 2011 | Caucasian | 50 | 30 | 41 | 59 | 7 | 27 | 16 | 28 | 32 | 6 | 16 | 8 | 0.70 |
Jeedigunta et al. | 2010 | Asian | 247 | 254 | 253 | 241 | 60 | 133 | 54 | 306 | 202 | 81 | 144 | 29 | 0.32 |
Tanriover et al. | 2010 | Caucasian | 50 | 50 | 48 | 52 | 5 | 38 | 7 | 54 | 46 | 12 | 30 | 8 | 0.14 |
Harsløf et al. | 2010 | Caucasian | 228 | 225 | 134 | 322 | 19 | 96 | 113 | 164 | 286 | 30 | 104 | 91 | 0.97 |
Musumeci et al. | 2009 | Caucasian | 100 | 200 | 130 | 70 | 35 | 60 | 5 | 155 | 245 | 13 | 129 | 58 | 0.26 |
Pérez et al. | 2008 | Caucasian | 64 | 68 | 48 | 80 | 9 | 30 | 25 | 46 | 90 | 5 | 36 | 27 | 0.13 |
Ivanova et al. | 2007 | Caucasian | 220 | 180 | 256 | 184 | 73 | 110 | 37 | 163 | 197 | 25 | 113 | 42 | 0.58 |
Huang et al. | 2006 | Asian | 66 | 116 | 19 | 113 | 2 | 15 | 49 | 46 | 186 | 4 | 38 | 74 | 0.74 |
Nam et al. | 2005 | Asian | 6 | 168 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 63 | 273 | 6 | 51 | 111 | 0.96 |
Qin et al. | 2004 | Asian | 244 | 273 | 120 | 368 | 11 | 98 | 135 | 137 | 409 | 13 | 111 | 149 | 0.18 |
Aerssens et al. | 2000 | Caucasian | 135 | 239 | 92 | 178 | 14 | 64 | 57 | 175 | 303 | 32 | 111 | 96 | 0.99 |
Author | Year | Ethnicity | Sample Size | ERα PvuII | HWE | ||||||||||
Case | Control | ||||||||||||||
Case | Control | P | p | PP | Pp | pp | P | p | PP | Pp | pp | ||||
Shang et al. | 2016 | Asian | 198 | 276 | 156 | 240 | 28 | 100 | 70 | 386 | 166 | 138 | 110 | 28 | 0.38 |
Wang et al. | 2015 | Asian | 60 | 60 | 30 | 90 | 3 | 24 | 33 | 32 | 88 | 3 | 26 | 31 | 0.40 |
Li et al. | 2014 | Asian | 440 | 791 | 368 | 512 | 65 | 238 | 137 | 498 | 1084 | 69 | 360 | 362 | 0.12 |
Sonoda et al. | 2012 | Asian | 114 | 171 | 118 | 110 | 24 | 70 | 20 | 137 | 205 | 31 | 75 | 65 | 0.26 |
Erdogan et al. | 2011 | Caucasian | 50 | 30 | 42 | 58 | 8 | 26 | 16 | 38 | 22 | 10 | 18 | 2 | 0.11 |
Jeedigunta et al. | 2010 | Asian | 247 | 254 | 181 | 313 | 50 | 81 | 116 | 232 | 276 | 60 | 112 | 82 | 0.08 |
Tanriover et al. | 2010 | Caucasian | 50 | 50 | 39 | 61 | 7 | 25 | 18 | 48 | 52 | 14 | 20 | 16 | 0.79 |
Harsløf et al. | 2010 | Caucasian | 228 | 224 | 198 | 258 | 46 | 106 | 76 | 233 | 215 | 63 | 107 | 54 | 0.52 |
Musumeci et al. | 2009 | Caucasian | 100 | 200 | 120 | 80 | 30 | 60 | 10 | 186 | 214 | 31 | 124 | 45 | 0.53 |
Pérez et al. | 2008 | Caucasian | 64 | 68 | 56 | 72 | 11 | 34 | 19 | 58 | 78 | 12 | 34 | 22 | 0.86 |
Ivanova et al. | 2007 | Caucasian | 220 | 180 | 226 | 214 | 58 | 110 | 52 | 148 | 212 | 21 | 106 | 53 | 0.37 |
Morón et al. | 2006 | Caucasian | 87 | 175 | 79 | 95 | 17 | 45 | 25 | 171 | 179 | 45 | 81 | 49 | 0.33 |
Huang et al. | 2006 | Asian | 66 | 116 | 79 | 53 | 23 | 33 | 10 | 68 | 164 | 11 | 46 | 59 | 0.64 |
Nam et al. | 2005 | Asian | 6 | 168 | 2 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 130 | 206 | 25 | 80 | 63 | 0.96 |
Qin et al. | 2004 | Asian | 244 | 273 | 193 | 295 | 40 | 113 | 91 | 223 | 323 | 43 | 137 | 93 | 0.52 |
Aerssens et al. | 2000 | Caucasian | 135 | 239 | 120 | 150 | 27 | 66 | 42 | 219 | 259 | 47 | 125 | 67 | 0.41 |
Author | Year | Ethnicity | Sample Size | ERα G2014A | HWE | ||||||||||
Case | Control | ||||||||||||||
Case | Control | A | G | AA | GA | GG | A | G | AA | GA | GG | ||||
Wajanavisit et al. | 2015 | Asian | 99 | 113 | 94 | 104 | 33 | 28 | 38 | 179 | 47 | 72 | 35 | 6 | 0.53 |
Gómez et al. | 2007 | Caucasian | 70 | 500 | 30 | 110 | 2 | 26 | 42 | 303 | 697 | 40 | 223 | 237 | 0.21 |
Ongphiphadhanakul et al. | 2003 | Asian | 33 | 325 | 23 | 43 | 5 | 13 | 15 | 129 | 521 | 13 | 103 | 209 | 0.94 |
Ongphiphadhanakul et al. | 2001 | Asian | 106 | 122 | 56 | 156 | 8 | 40 | 58 | 37 | 207 | 2 | 33 | 87 | 0.57 |
Author | Year | Ethnicity | Sample Size | ERβ AluI | HWE | ||||||||||
Case | Control | ||||||||||||||
Case | Control | A | G | AA | GA | GG | A | G | AA | GA | GG | ||||
Shoukry et al. | 2015 | Caucasian | 200 | 180 | 223 | 177 | 75 | 73 | 52 | 125 | 235 | 30 | 65 | 85 | 0.46 |
Huang et al. | 2015 | Asian | 413 | 890 | 678 | 148 | 285 | 108 | 20 | 1384 | 396 | 541 | 302 | 47 | 0.57 |
Harsløf et al. | 2010 | Caucasian | 228 | 224 | 154 | 302 | 26 | 102 | 100 | 186 | 262 | 35 | 116 | 73 | 0.32 |
Morón et al. | 2006 | Caucasian | 88 | 177 | 76 | 100 | 11 | 54 | 23 | 146 | 208 | 34 | 78 | 65 | 0.23 |
Author | Year | Ethnicity | Sample Size | ERβ RsaI | HWE | ||||||||||
Case | Control | ||||||||||||||
Case | Control | A | G | AA | GA | GG | A | G | AA | GA | GG | ||||
Shoukry et al. | 2015 | Caucasian | 200 | 180 | 52 | 348 | 2 | 48 | 150 | 37 | 323 | 1 | 35 | 144 | 0.47 |
Huang et al. | 2015 | Asian | 413 | 777 | 329 | 497 | 63 | 203 | 147 | 759 | 795 | 169 | 421 | 187 | 0.28 |
ERα XbaI | Lumbar Spine BMD (g/cm2) | ERα XbaI | Femoral Neck BMD (g/cm2) | ||||||||||||||
XX | Xx | xx | XX | Xx | xx | ||||||||||||
Author | Year | Ethnicity | N | Mean ± SD | N | Mean ± SD | N | Mean ± SD | Author | Year | Ethnicity | N | Mean ± SD | N | Mean ± SD | N | Mean ± SD |
Ivanova et al. | 2007 | Caucasian | 73 | 0.75 ± 0.17 | 110 | 0.81 ± 0.06 | 37 | 0.87 ± 0.07 | Ivanova et al. | 2007 | Caucasian | 73 | 0.69 ± 0.08 | 110 | 0.69 ± 0.04 | 37 | 0.65 ± 0.03 |
Albagha et al. | 2001 | Caucasian | 27 | 0.88 ± 0.03 | 89 | 0.88 ± 0.02 | 90 | 0.85 ± 0.02 | Albagha et al. | 2001 | Caucasian | 27 | 0.77 ± 0.03 | 89 | 0.73 ± 0.01 | 90 | 0.72 ± 0.02 |
Aerssens et al. | 2000 | Caucasian | 14 | 0.94 ± 0.21 | 64 | 0.93 ± 0.22 | 57 | 0.88 ± 0.16 | Aerssens et al. | 2000 | Caucasian | 14 | 0.73 ± 0.03 | 64 | 0.68 ± 0.09 | 57 | 0.70 ± 0.20 |
Jeedigunta et al. | 2010 | Asian | 60 | 0.89 ± 0.15 | 133 | 0.86 ± 0.13 | 54 | 0.64 ± 0.16 | Kurt et al. | 2012 | Caucasian | 41 | 0.79 ± 0.09 | 94 | 0.8 ± 0.08 | 40 | 0.83 ± 0.10 |
Kurt et al. | 2012 | Caucasian | 41 | 0.95 ± 0.12 | 94 | 0.92 ± 0.12 | 40 | 0.93 ± 0.10 | Ge et al. | 2006 | Asian | 37 | 0.70 ± 0.10 | 134 | 0.68 ± 0.07 | 26 | 0.67 ± 0.07 |
Kurabayashi et al. | 1999 | Asian | 1 | 1.18 ± 0.00 | 20 | 0.92 ± 0.04 | 61 | 0.92 ± 0.02 | Pérez et al. | 2008 | Caucasian | 7 | 0.59 ± 0.02 | 36 | 0.58 ± 0.01 | 20 | 0.56 ± 0.02 |
Ge et al. | 2006 | Asian | 37 | 0.73 ± 0.08 | 134 | 0.74 ± 0.09 | 26 | 0.75 ± 0.13 | |||||||||
Pérez et al. | 2008 | Caucasian | 7 | 0.70 ± 0.02 | 31 | 0.67 ± 0.02 | 24 | 0.66 ± 0.02 | |||||||||
ERα XbaI | Lumbar Spine Z value | ERα XbaI | Femoral Neck Z value | ||||||||||||||
XX | Xx | xx | XX | Xx | xx | ||||||||||||
Author | Year | Ethnicity | N | Mean ± SD | N | Mean ± SD | N | Mean ± SD | Author | Year | Ethnicity | N | Mean ± SD | N | Mean ± SD | N | Mean ± SD |
Shang et al. | 2016 | Asian | 146 | −1.98 ± 0.91 | 146 | −1.65 ± 0.02 | 6 | −0.35 ± 2.19 | Ivanova et al. | 2007 | Caucasian | 73 | −2.00 ± 0.00 | 110 | −2.00 ± 0.00 | 37 | −1.90 ± 0.00 |
Ivanova et al. | 2007 | Caucasian | 73 | −2.10 ± 0.00 | 110 | −0.6 ± 0.00 | 37 | −0.1 ± 0.00 | Albagha et al. | 2001 | Caucasian | 27 | −2.00 ± 0.23 | 89 | −0.42 ± 0.10 | 90 | −0.52 ± 0.12 |
Albagha et al. | 2001 | Caucasian | 27 | −0.34 ± 0.20 | 89 | −0.29 ± 0.11 | 90 | −0.47 ± 0.11 | An et al. | 2000 | Asian | 10 | 0.42 ± 0.57 | 84 | 0.11 ± 0.66 | 152 | −0.32 ± 0.76 |
An et al. | 2000 | Asian | 10 | 0.48 ± 0.49 | 84 | 0.12 ± 0.85 | 152 | −0.26 ± 0.58 |
ERα PvuII | Lumbar Spine BMD (g/cm2) | ERα PvuII | Femoral Neck BMD (g/cm2) | ||||||||||||||
PP | Pp | pp | PP | Pp | pp | ||||||||||||
Author | Year | Ethnicity | N | Mean ± SD | N | Mean ± SD | N | Mean ± SD | Author | Year | Ethnicity | N | Mean ± SD | N | Mean ± SD | N | Mean ± SD |
Ivanova et al. | 2007 | Caucasian | 58 | 0.70 ± 0.09 | 110 | 0.71 ± 0.10 | 52 | 0.77 ± 0.06 | Ivanova et al. | 2007 | Caucasian | 58 | 0.52 ± 0.02 | 110 | 0.68 ± 0.01 | 52 | 0.76 ± 0.05 |
Albagha et al. | 2001 | Caucasian | 37 | 0.87 ± 0.03 | 102 | 0.86 ± 0.02 | 67 | 0.88 ± 0.02 | Albagha et al. | 2001 | Caucasian | 37 | 0.75 ± 0.02 | 102 | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 67 | 0.75 ± 0.02 |
Aerssens et al. | 2000 | Caucasian | 27 | 0.93 ± 0.18 | 66 | 0.91 ± 0.22 | 42 | 0.89 ± 0.17 | Aerssens et al. | 2000 | Caucasian | 27 | 0.69 ± 0.06 | 66 | 0.70 ± 0.09 | 42 | 0.69 ± 0.11 |
Jeedigunta et al. | 2010 | Asian | 50 | 0.92 ± 0.18 | 81 | 0.89 ± 0.11 | 116 | 0.81 ± 0.14 | Kurt et al. | 2012 | Caucasian | 44 | 0.77 ± 0.08 | 104 | 0.81 ± 0.09 | 46 | 0.82 ± 0.09 |
Kurt et al. | 2012 | Caucasian | 44 | 0.93 ± 0.13 | 104 | 0.93 ± 0.11 | 46 | 0.93 ± 0.09 | Ge et al. | 2006 | Asian | 38 | 0.68 ± 0.09 | 93 | 0.67 ± 0.07 | 67 | 0.69 ± 0.08 |
Kurabayashi et al. | 1999 | Asian | 19 | 0.99 ± 0.04 | 27 | 0.89 ± 0.03 | 36 | 0.91 ± 0.02 | Ge et al. | 2006 | Asian | 38 | 0.68 ± 0.09 | 92 | 0.67 ± 0.08 | 67 | 0.69 ± 0.08 |
Ge et al. | 2006 | Asian | 38 | 0.73 ± 0.10 | 93 | 0.74 ± 0.09 | 67 | 0.75 ± 0.10 | Qin et al. | 2004 | Asian | 40 | 0.57 ± 0.01 | 113 | 0.60 ± 0.01 | 91 | 0.59 ± 0.01 |
Ge et al. | 2006 | Asian | 38 | 0.73 ± 0.10 | 92 | 0.74 ± 0.09 | 67 | 0.75 ± 0.10 | Pérez et al. | 2008 | Caucasian | 9 | 0.59 ± 0.01 | 37 | 0.57 ± 0.01 | 16 | 0.57 ± 0.02 |
Qin et al. | 2004 | Asian | 40 | 0.70 ± 0.01 | 113 | 0.70 ± 0.01 | 91 | 0.72 ± 0.01 | |||||||||
Pérez et al. | 2008 | Caucasian | 11 | 0.73 ± 0.03 | 34 | 0.66 ± 0.02 | 17 | 0.65 ± 0.02 | |||||||||
ERα PvuII | Lumbar Spine Z value | ERα PvuII | Femoral Neck Z value | ||||||||||||||
PP | Pp | pp | PP | Pp | pp | ||||||||||||
Author | Year | Ethnicity | N | Mean ± SD | N | Mean ± SD | N | Mean ± SD | Author | Year | Ethnicity | N | Mean ± SD | N | Mean ± SD | N | Mean ± SD |
Shang et al. | 2016 | Asian | 28 | −1.54 ± 0.35 | 100 | −1.67 ± 0.91 | 70 | −2.79 ± 1.46 | Ivanova et al. | 2007 | Caucasian | 58 | −2.00 ± 0.00 | 110 | −1.90 ± 0.00 | 52 | −0.70 ± 0.00 |
Ivanova et al. | 2007 | Caucasian | 58 | −2.40 ± 0.00 | 110 | −2.10 ± 0.00 | 52 | −1.50 ± 0.00 | Albagha et al. | 2001 | Caucasian | 37 | −0.29 ± 0.17 | 102 | −0.59 ± 0.09 | 67 | −0.28 ± 0.15 |
Albagha et al. | 2001 | Caucasian | 37 | −0.35 ± 0.16 | 102 | −0.44 ± 0.10 | 67 | −0.28 ± 0.14 | An et al. | 2000 | Asian | 53 | −0.48 ± 0.90 | 128 | −0.19 ± 0.80 | 128 | 0.31 ± 0.49 |
An et al. | 2000 | Asian | 53 | −0.53 ± 0.16 | 128 | −0.21 ± 0.99 | 65 | 0.22 ± 0.46 |
Power analysis
Associations between ER gene polymorphisms and PMOP risk
Comparison | N | Test of association | Model | Test of heterogeneity | Begg’s test | Egger’s test | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | 95% CI | P value | P value | I2 (%) | P value | P value | |||
ERα XbaI | |||||||||
Overall | 14 | ||||||||
X vs. x | 1.21 | 0.73–2.00 | 0.455 | R | < 0.001 | 96.4 | 0.584 | 0.955 | |
XX vs. xx | 1.84 | 0.71–4.75 | 0.206 | R | < 0.001 | 93.7 | 0.443 | 0.465 | |
Xx vs. xx | 1.19 | 0.83–1.70 | 0.357 | R | < 0.001 | 80.1 | 0.511 | 0.610 | |
Xx/XX vs. xx | 1.34 | 0.82–2.18 | 0.240 | R | < 0.001 | 90.4 | 0.661 | 0.545 | |
XX vs. Xx/xx | 1.50 | 0.70–3.24 | 0.296 | R | < 0.001 | 93.4 | 0.443 | 0.875 | |
Caucasian | 7 | ||||||||
X vs. x | 1.15 | 0.76–1.74 | 0.510 | R | < 0.001 | 88.0 | |||
XX vs. xx | 1.56 | 0.56–4.39 | 0.399 | R | < 0.001 | 88.9 | |||
Xx vs. xx | 1.13 | 0.76–1.67 | 0.540 | R | 0.021 | 59.8 | |||
Xx/XX vs. xx | 1.24 | 0.76–2.01 | 0.387 | R | < 0.001 | 76.2 | |||
XX vs. Xx/xx | 1.30 | 0.56–3.03 | 0.536 | R | < 0.001 | 88.2 | |||
Asian | 7 | ||||||||
X vs. x | 1.23 | 0.47–3.25 | 0.668 | R | < 0.001 | 98.0 | |||
XX vs. xx | 2.18 | 0.37–12.73 | 0.388 | R | < 0.001 | 98.1 | |||
Xx vs. xx | 1.22 | 0.63–2.36 | 0.553 | R | < 0.001 | 88.0 | |||
Xx/XX vs. xx | 1.39 | 0.56–3.46 | 0.481 | R | < 0.001 | 94.6 | |||
XX vs. Xx/xx | 1.77 | 0.44–7.14 | 0.424 | R | < 0.001 | 96.0 | |||
ERα PvuII | |||||||||
Overall | 16 | ||||||||
P vs. p | 0.96 | 0.71–1.29 | 0.769 | R | < 0.001 | 92.3 | 0.753 | 0.616 | |
PP vs. pp | 0.99 | 0.55–1.78 | 0.961 | R | < 0.001 | 90.8 | 1.000 | 0.886 | |
Pp vs. pp | 1.01 | 0.72–1.41 | 0.956 | R | < 0.001 | 82.3 | 0.753 | 0.501 | |
PP/Pp vs. pp | 0.97 | 0.65–1.43 | 0.868 | R | < 0.001 | 88.7 | 0.893 | 0.539 | |
PP vs. Pp/pp | 0.99 | 0.65–1.53 | 0.977 | R | < 0.001 | 87.3 | 0.893 | 0.976 | |
Caucasian | 8 | ||||||||
P vs. p | 0.95 | 0.71–1.26 | 0.716 | R | < 0.001 | 79.2 | |||
PP vs. pp | 0.93 | 0.49–1.79 | 0.831 | R | < 0.001 | 81.4 | |||
Pp vs. pp | 0.98 | 0.73–1.31 | 0.877 | R | 0.112 | 40.0 | |||
PP/Pp vs. pp | 0.97 | 0.67–1.39 | 0.861 | R | 0.008 | 63.5 | |||
PP vs. Pp/pp | 0.97 | 0.59–1.58 | 0.895 | R | < 0.001 | 78.2 | |||
Asian | 8 | ||||||||
P vs. p | 0.97 | 0.57–1.66 | 0.919 | R | < 0.001 | 95.6 | |||
PP vs. pp | 1.08 | 0.40–2.96 | 0.877 | R | < 0.001 | 94.4 | |||
Pp vs. pp | 1.04 | 0.58–1.88 | 0.889 | R | < 0.001 | 90.2 | |||
PP/Pp vs. pp | 0.98 | 0.50–1.95 | 0.962 | R | < 0.001 | 93.8 | |||
PP vs. Pp/pp | 1.05 | 0.50–2.20 | 0.891 | R | < 0.001 | 91.8 | |||
ERα G2014A | |||||||||
Overall | 4 | ||||||||
A vs. G | 0.89 | 0.32–2.51 | 0.825 | R | < 0.001 | 95.1 | 0.308 | 0.237 | |
AA vs. GG | 0.88 | 0.08–9.19 | 0.912 | R | < 0.001 | 92.9 | 0.734 | 0.419 | |
GA vs. GG | 0.76 | 0.28–2.03 | 0.581 | R | < 0.001 | 88.1 | 0.734 | 0.530 | |
GA/AA vs. GG | 0.73 | 0.22–2.41 | 0.601 | R | < 0.001 | 92.8 | 0.734 | 0.530 | |
AA vs. GA/GG | 1.13 | 0.23–5.72 | 0.878 | R | < 0.001 | 88.6 | 0.734 | 0.299 | |
Caucasian | 1 | ||||||||
A vs. G | 0.63 | 0.41–0.96 | 0.032 | R | – | – | |||
AA vs. GG | 0.28 | 0.07–1.21 | 0.089 | R | – | – | |||
GA vs. GG | 0.66 | 0.39–1.11 | 0.116 | R | – | – | |||
GA/AA vs. GG | 0.60 | 0.36–1.00 | 0.050 | R | – | – | |||
AA vs. GA/GG | 0.34 | 0.08–1.43 | 0.141 | R | – | – | |||
Asian | 3 | ||||||||
A vs. G | 1.00 | 0.23–4.46 | 0.996 | R | < 0.001 | 96.6 | |||
AA vs. GG | 1.28 | 0.05–30.10 | 0.878 | R | < 0.001 | 95.2 | |||
GA vs. GG | 0.77 | 0.17–3.45 | 0.736 | R | < 0.001 | 91.3 | |||
GA/AA vs. GG | 0.76 | 0.12–4.62 | 0.765 | R | < 0.001 | 94.8 | |||
AA vs. GA/GG | 1.69 | 0.20–14.27 | 0.630 | R | < 0.001 | 92.2 | |||
ERβ AluI | |||||||||
Overall | 4 | ||||||||
A vs. G | 1.25 | 0.78–2.00 | 0.362 | R | < 0.001 | 91.5 | 1.000 | 0.997 | |
AA vs. GG | 1.27 | 0.52–3.13 | 0.597 | R | < 0.001 | 88.4 | 0.734 | 0.647 | |
GA vs. GG | 1.16 | 0.65–2.07 | 0.606 | R | 0.001 | 81.0 | 0.734 | 0.408 | |
GA/AA vs. GG | 1.29 | 0.66–2.53 | 0.459 | R | < 0.001 | 87.8 | 0.734 | 0.612 | |
AA vs. GA/GG | 1.21 | 0.65–2.24 | 0.553 | R | < 0.001 | 85.7 | 0.497 | 0.646 | |
Caucasian | 3 | ||||||||
A vs. G | 1.23 | 0.58–2.57 | 0.590 | R | < 0.001 | 94.3 | |||
AA vs. GG | 1.28 | 0.34–4.84 | 0.717 | R | < 0.001 | 92.2 | |||
GA vs. GG | 1.30 | 0.60–2.78 | 0.504 | R | 0.001 | 86.5 | |||
GA/AA vs. GG | 1.36 | 0.55–3.39 | 0.507 | R | < 0.001 | 91.8 | |||
AA vs. GA/GG | 1.10 | 0.37–3.22 | 0.863 | R | < 0.001 | 90.3 | |||
Asian | 1 | ||||||||
A vs. G | 1.31 | 1.06–1.62 | 0.012 | R | – | – | |||
AA vs. GG | 1.24 | 0.72–2.13 | 0.441 | R | – | – | |||
GA vs. GG | 0.84 | 0.48–1.48 | 0.548 | R | – | – | |||
GA/AA vs. GG | 1.10 | 0.64–1.87 | 0.739 | R | – | – | |||
AA vs. GA/GG | 1.44 | 1.12–1.84 | 0.004 | R | – | – | |||
ERβ RsaI | |||||||||
Overall | 2 | ||||||||
A vs. G | 0.92 | 0.50–1.70 | 0.785 | R | 0.010 | 85.0 | |||
AA vs. GG | 0.49 | 0.34–0.70 | < 0.001 | F | 0.261 | 20.9 | |||
GA vs. GG | 0.87 | 0.41–1.84 | 0.722 | R | < 0.001 | 85.9 | |||
GA/AA vs. GG | 0.85 | 0.37–1.95 | 0.704 | R | < 0.001 | 88.9 | |||
AA vs. GA/GG | 0.66 | 0.48–0.90 | 0.009 | F | 0.408 | 0 | |||
Caucasian | 1 | ||||||||
A vs. G | 1.30 | 0.83–2.04 | 0.245 | R | – | – | |||
AA vs. GG | 1.92 | 0.17–21.41 | 0.596 | F | – | – | |||
GA vs. GG | 1.32 | 0.80–2.15 | 0.273 | R | – | – | |||
GA/AA vs. GG | 1.33 | 0.82–2.17 | 0.246 | R | – | – | |||
AA vs. GA/GG | 1.81 | 0.16–20.11 | 0.630 | F | – | – | |||
Asian | 1 | ||||||||
A vs. G | 0.69 | 0.58–0.82 | < 0.001 | R | – | – | |||
AA vs. GG | 0.47 | 0.33–0.68 | < 0.001 | F | – | – | |||
GA vs. GG | 0.61 | 0.47–0.81 | < 0.001 | R | – | – | |||
GA/AA vs. GG | 0.57 | 0.44–0.74 | < 0.001 | R | – | – | |||
AA vs. GA/GG | 0.65 | 0.47–0.89 | 0.007 | F | – | – |
Associations between ER gene polymorphisms and BMD in PMOP women
ERα XbaI and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD g/cm2 and BMD Z value)
ERα XbaI | XX vs. xx | Xx vs. xx | ||||||||||
Test of differences | Model | Test of heterogeneity | Test of differences | Model | Test of heterogeneity | |||||||
N | WMD (95% CI) | P value | P value | I2 (%) | N | WMD (95% CI) | P value | P value | I2 (%) | |||
Lumbar Spine BMD (g/cm2) | ||||||||||||
Overall | 8 | 0.03 (−0.02, 0.08) | 0.198 | R | < 0.001 | 94.2 | 8 | 0.02 (− 0.00, 0.05) | 0.086 | R | < 0.001 | 94.1 |
Caucasian | 5 | 0.00 (−0.04, 0.04) | 0.917 | R | < 0.001 | 90.2 | 5 | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.02) | 0.862 | R | < 0.001 | 91.1 |
Asian | 3 | 0.11 (−0.16, 0.38) | 0.414 | R | < 0.001 | 97.8 | 3 | 0.07 (−0.07, 0.20) | 0.326 | R | < 0.001 | 97.3 |
Lumbar Spine Z value | ||||||||||||
Overall | 3 | 0.22 (−0.40, 0.83) | 0.495 | R | < 0.001 | 88.5 | 3 | 0.24 (0.00, 0.47) | 0.046 | R | 0.041 | 68.6 |
Caucasian | 1 | 0.13 (0.05, 0.21) | 0.001 | R | – | – | 1 | 0.18 (0.15, 0.21) | < 0.001 | R | – | – |
Asian | 2 | −0.28 (−2.58, 2.02) | 0.811 | R | 0.009 | 85.2 | 2 | −0.23 (− 1.81, 1.36) | 0.780 | R | 0.062 | 71.3 |
Femoral Neck BMD (g/cm2) | ||||||||||||
Overall | 6 | 0.03 (0.01, 0.05) | 0.003 | R | 0.001 | 75.5 | 6 | 0.01 (−0.00, 0.03) | 0.057 | R | < 0.001 | 84.7 |
Caucasian | 5 | 0.03 (0.01, 0.05) | 0.009 | R | < 0.001 | 80.4 | 5 | 0.01 (−0.00, 0.03) | 0.094 | R | < 0.001 | 87.7 |
Asian | 1 | 0.03 (−0.01, 0.08) | 0.110 | R | – | – | 1 | 0.01 (−0.02, 0.04) | 0.350 | R | – | – |
Femoral Neck Z value | ||||||||||||
Overall | 2 | −0.38 (−2.56, 1.80) | 0.733 | R | < 0.001 | 99.2 | 2 | 0.25 (−0.07, 0.58) | 0.130 | R | 0.001 | 91.6 |
Caucasian | 1 | −1.48 (−1.57, −1.39) | < 0.001 | R | – | – | 1 | 0.10 (0.07, 0.13) | < 0.001 | R | – | – |
Asian | 1 | 0.74 (0.37, 1.11) | < 0.001 | R | – | – | 1 | 0.43 (0.24, 0.62) | < 0.001 | R | – | – |
ERα PvuII | PP vs. pp | Pp vs. pp | ||||||||||
Test of differences | Model | Test of heterogeneity | Test of differences | Model | Test of heterogeneity | |||||||
N | WMD (95% CI) | P value | P value | I2 (%) | N | WMD (95% CI) | P value | P value | I2 (%) | |||
Lumbar Spine BMD (g/cm2) | ||||||||||||
Overall | 10 | 0.02 (− 0.01, 0.04) | 0.216 | R | < 0.001 | 95.5 | 10 | −0.01 (− 0.02, − 0.00) | 0.036 | R | < 0.001 | 84.0 |
Caucasian | 5 | 0.01 (−0.04, 0.06) | 0.793 | R | < 0.001 | 95.5 | 5 | −0.02 (− 0.03, 0.00) | 0.106 | R | < 0.001 | 84.9 |
Asian | 5 | 0.03 (−0.02, 0.08) | 0.288 | R | < 0.001 | 96.2 | 5 | −0.00 (− 0.02, 0.02) | 0.912 | R | < 0.001 | 86.4 |
Lumbar Spine Z value | ||||||||||||
Overall | 3 | 0.11 (−0.55, 0.78) | 0.742 | R | < 0.001 | 98.7 | 3 | 0.13 (−0.40, 0.67) | 0.623 | R | < 0.001 | 95.9 |
Caucasian | 1 | −0.07 (− 0.13, − 0.01) | 0.031 | R | – | – | 1 | − 0.16 (− 0.20, − 0.12) | < 0.001 | R | – | – |
Asian | 2 | 0.24 (−1.72, 2.20) | 0.809 | R | < 0.001 | 99.0 | 2 | 0.34 (−1.18, 1.85) | 0.665 | R | < 0.001 | 97.9 |
Femoral Neck BMD (g/cm2) | ||||||||||||
Overall | 8 | −0.04 (− 0.09, 0.01) | 0.135 | R | < 0.001 | 99.3 | 8 | −0.02 (− 0.04, 0.01) | 0.132 | R | < 0.001 | 98.2 |
Caucasian | 5 | −0.06 (− 0.16, 0.05) | 0.295 | R | < 0.001 | 99.6 | 5 | −0.03 (− 0.05, 0.00) | 0.054 | R | < 0.001 | 95.2 |
Asian | 3 | −0.01 (− 0.02, − 0.01) | < 0.001 | R | 1.000 | 0.00 | 3 | −0.00 (− 0.03, 0.02) | 0.768 | R | 0.009 | 78.7 |
Femoral Neck Z value | ||||||||||||
Overall | 2 | −0.39 (−1.15, 0.37) | 0.315 | R | < 0.001 | 97.0 | 2 | −0.39 (− 0.57, − 0.20) | < 0.001 | R | 0.024 | 80.3 |
Caucasian | 1 | −0.01 (− 0.08, 0.05) | 0.718 | R | – | – | 1 | −0.31 (− 0.35, − 0.27) | < 0.001 | R | – | – |
Asian | 1 | −0.79 (−1.05, − 0.53) | < 0.001 | R | – | – | 1 | − 0.50 (− 0.66, − 0.34) | < 0.001 | R | – | – |