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European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry

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06.03.2018 | Original Contribution

Attention profiles in autism spectrum disorder and subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

verfasst von: Sara Boxhoorn, Eva Lopez, Catharina Schmidt, Diana Schulze, Susann Hänig, Christine M. Freitag

Erschienen in: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry | Ausgabe 11/2018

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Abstract

Attention problems are observed in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Most neuropsychological studies that compared both disorders focused on complex executive functions (EF), but missed to contrast basic attention functions, as well as ASD- and ADHD subtypes. The present study compared EF as well as basic attention functioning of children with the combined subtype (ADHD-C), the predominantly inattentive subtype (ADHD-I), and autism spectrum disorder without ADHD (ASD-) with typically developing controls (TD). Basic attention functions and EF profiles were analysed by testing the comprehensive attention function model of van Zomeren and Brouwer using profile analysis. Additionally, neurocognitive impairments in ASD- and ADHD were regressed on dimensional measures of attention- and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms across and within groups. ADHD-C revealed a strong impairment across measures of EF compared to ASD- and TD. The ADHD-C profile furthermore showed disorder specific impairments in interference control, whereas the ASD- profile showed a disorder specific impairment in basic attention component divided attention. Attention- and hyperactive-impulsive symptom severity did not predict neurocognitive impairments across- or within groups. Study findings thus support disorder and subtype specific attention/EF profiles, which refute the idea of a continuum of ADHD-I, ADHD-C, and ASD with increasing neurocognitive impairments.

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Titel: Attention profiles in autism spectrum disorder and subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
verfasst von: Sara Boxhoorn
Eva Lopez
Catharina Schmidt
Diana Schulze
Susann Hänig
Christine M. Freitag
Publikationsdatum: 06.03.2018
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry / Ausgabe 11/2018
Print ISSN: 1018-8827
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-165X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-018-1138-8

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Attention profiles in autism spectrum disorder and subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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