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Erschienen in: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 11/2017

26.04.2017 | Original Contribution

Atypical age-dependency of executive function and white matter microstructure in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders

verfasst von: Kenia Martínez, Jessica Merchán-Naranjo, Laura Pina-Camacho, Yasser Alemán-Gómez, Leticia Boada, David Fraguas, Carmen Moreno, Celso Arango, Joost Janssen, Mara Parellada

Erschienen in: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry | Ausgabe 11/2017

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Abstract

Executive function (EF) performance is associated with measurements of white matter microstructure (WMS) in typical individuals. Impaired EF is a hallmark symptom of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) but it is unclear how impaired EF relates to variability in WMS. Twenty-one male youth (8–18 years) with ASD and without intellectual disability and twenty-one typical male participants (TP) matched for age, intelligence quotient, handedness, race and parental socioeconomic status were recruited. Five EF domains were assessed and several DTI-based measurements of WMS [fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD) and radial diffusivity (RD)] were estimated for eighteen white matter tracts. The ASD group had lower scores for attention (F = 8.37, p = 0.006) and response inhibition (F = 13.09, p = 0.001). Age-dependent changes of EF performance and WMS measurements were present in TP but attenuated in the ASD group. The strongest diagnosis-by-age effect was found for forceps minor, left anterior thalamic radiation and left cingulum angular bundle (all p’s ≤ 0.002). In these tracts subjects with ASD tended to have equal or increased FA and/or reduced MD and/or RD at younger ages while controls had increased FA and/or reduced MD and/or RD thereafter. Only for TP individuals, increased FA in the left anterior thalamic radiation was associated with better response inhibition, while reduced RD in forceps minor and left cingulum angular bundle was related to better problem solving and working memory performance respectively. These findings provide novel insight into the age-dependency of EF performance and WMS in ASD, which can be instructive to cognitive training programs.
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Metadaten
Titel
Atypical age-dependency of executive function and white matter microstructure in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders
verfasst von
Kenia Martínez
Jessica Merchán-Naranjo
Laura Pina-Camacho
Yasser Alemán-Gómez
Leticia Boada
David Fraguas
Carmen Moreno
Celso Arango
Joost Janssen
Mara Parellada
Publikationsdatum
26.04.2017
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry / Ausgabe 11/2017
Print ISSN: 1018-8827
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-165X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-017-0990-2

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