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Erschienen in: Der Internist 1/2017

10.01.2017 | Radioiodtherapie | CME

Autoimmune Schilddrüsenerkrankungen

verfasst von: Dr. S. Allelein, J. Feldkamp, Prof. Dr. M. Schott

Erschienen in: Die Innere Medizin | Ausgabe 1/2017

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Zusammenfassung

Autoimmune Schilddrüsenerkrankungen gelten in Deutschland als die häufigste Ursache von Schilddrüsenfunktionsstörungen. Unterschieden werden die Autoimmunthyreoiditis (AIT) und der Morbus Basedow. Die AIT ist die häufigste Autoimmunerkrankung des Menschen; initial kann es zu einer Freisetzungshyperthyreose und im Verlauf durch Infiltration der Schilddrüse mit zytotoxischen T‑Zellen zu einer Destruktion des Schilddrüsengewebes und zu einer Hypothyreose kommen. Die Substitution mit Levothyroxin ist bei der manifesten Hypothyreose bzw. bei ausgeprägter latenter Hypothyreose indiziert und soll das thyreoideastimulierende Hormon (TSH) normalisieren. Der Morbus Basedow ist gekennzeichnet durch stimulierende TSH-Rezeptor-Antikörper, die zur Überfunktion der Schilddrüse führen. Auch eine endokrine Orbitopathie kann auftreten. Eine ablative Behandlung mit Radiojodtherapie oder Thyreoidektomie ist bei fehlender Remission nach 1‑jähriger thyreostatischer Therapie indiziert.
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Metadaten
Titel
Autoimmune Schilddrüsenerkrankungen
verfasst von
Dr. S. Allelein
J. Feldkamp
Prof. Dr. M. Schott
Publikationsdatum
10.01.2017

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