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Erschienen in: Die Chirurgie 8/2018

08.06.2018 | Bariatrische Chirurgie | Leitthema

Bariatrische Chirurgie: Erwartungshaltung und Therapieziele – ein Gegensatz?

verfasst von: I. Hering, Dr. C. Stier, PD Dr. F. Seyfried

Erschienen in: Die Chirurgie | Ausgabe 8/2018

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Zusammenfassung

Die metabolische/bariatrische Chirurgie führt bei dem Großteil der Patienten mit morbider Adipositas zu einem nachhaltigen und klinisch relevanten Gewichtsverlust, zu einer Verbesserung der adipositasassoziierten Morbidität, der Lebensqualität und der Funktionalität. Mit der Reduktion von Risikofaktoren für kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse und Krebserkrankungen wird die Lebenserwartung verlängert. Aufgrund der sehr guten antidiabetischen Wirkung wird in der aktuell gültigen S3-Leitlinie eine metabolisch/bariatrische Operation bei schlecht einstellbarem Diabetes bereits ab einem Body-Mass-Index (BMI) von 30 kg/m2 empfohlen. Mit dem Edmonton-Staging-System kann eine vom BMI unabhängige mehrdimensionale Betrachtung des Schweregrades der Adipositas für den individuellen Patienten vorgenommen werden. Patienten mit relevanten adipositasassoziierten Begleiterkrankungen sollten priorisiert therapiert werden und das möglichst bevor Endorganschäden vorliegen, die zum einen das perioperative Risiko erhöhen und zum anderen – zumindest teilweise – nicht mehr reversibel sind. Der Definition individueller Therapieziele und der Vermittlung einer realistischen Erwartungshaltung sollten bereits präoperativ – aber auch im Verlauf – viel Aufmerksamkeit gewidmet werden. Eine unrealistische Erwartungshaltung – „Operation löst meine Probleme“, „Operation macht mich schöner“, „Operation beseitigt Stigma“, „Operation garantiert Therapieerfolg“ – ist nicht selten. Sie kann zu Frustrationen und psychischen Dekompensationen führen und muss möglichst früh durch das interdisziplinäre Team adressiert werden. Redundanzen und eine stringente im Team gleichgerichtete empathische Kommunikation verbessern die Therapieadhärenz, die Erwartungshaltung und so das Outcome.
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Metadaten
Titel
Bariatrische Chirurgie: Erwartungshaltung und Therapieziele – ein Gegensatz?
verfasst von
I. Hering
Dr. C. Stier
PD Dr. F. Seyfried
Publikationsdatum
08.06.2018
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Chirurgie / Ausgabe 8/2018
Print ISSN: 2731-6971
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-698X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-018-0662-x

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