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Erschienen in: Die Urologie 10/2020

26.08.2020 | Benigne Prostatahyperplasie | Leitthema

Differenziertes operatives Management unterschiedlicher Patienten mit benignem Prostatasyndrom (BPS)

verfasst von: Prim. Univ. Prof. Dr. S. Madersbacher, M. Oelke, A. Häcker, T. Bschleipfer

Erschienen in: Die Urologie | Ausgabe 10/2020

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Zusammenfassung

In diesem Artikel werden vier häufige klinische Szenarien zur invasiven Therapie des benignen Prostatasyndroms (BPS) aufgearbeitet. Für den Standardpatienten (Prostatavolumen 30–80 ml, Lebenserwartung >10 Jahre) bleibt auch im Jahr 2020 die transurethrale Resektion der Prostata (TURP) die Methode der Wahl, die endoskopische Enukleation kann als Alternative angeboten werden. Patienten mit einem prominenten, in die Harnblase ragenden Mittellappen profitieren am meisten von TURP, endourologischer Enukleation oder Laservaporisation. Bei einem nicht vorhandenen oder wenig prominenten Mittellappen und keiner relevanten Blasenauslassobstruktion bieten sich auch minimal-invasive Verfahren wie Rezūm®, UroLift® oder die Prostataarterienembolisation (PAE) an. Langzeitergebnisse liegen allerdings in dieser Indikation für keines der neueren Verfahren vor. Vor allem von jüngeren Patienten wird oft der Wunsch nach Ejakulationserhalt geäußert. Bei deutlicher Obstruktion sind ejakulationsprotektive TURP/endoskopische Enukleation oder AquaBeam® Methoden der Wahl mit einem Ejakulationserhalt von 60–90 %. Rezūm® und UroLift® ermöglichen einen Ejakulationserhalt bei >90 % der Patienten, die Daten zur PAE sind kontrovers. Für Patienten mit kleiner Prostata und deutlicher Restharnbildung kommt der präoperativen Diagnostik eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Kurz- und mittelfristig liefern desobstruierende Verfahren zwar zufriedenstellende Ergebnisse; die Langzeiteffizienz ist aber schlecht und nur ungenügend untersucht. Die breite Palette an therapeutischen Optionen ermöglicht heute eine individualisierte minimal-invasive oder chirurgische Therapie des BPS, welche u. a. Patientenwünsche, anatomische Faktoren oder urodynamische Faktoren berücksichtigt. Die Zeit der „One-therapy-fits-all“-Strategie für BPS-Patienten ist definitiv passé.
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Metadaten
Titel
Differenziertes operatives Management unterschiedlicher Patienten mit benignem Prostatasyndrom (BPS)
verfasst von
Prim. Univ. Prof. Dr. S. Madersbacher
M. Oelke
A. Häcker
T. Bschleipfer
Publikationsdatum
26.08.2020
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Urologie / Ausgabe 10/2020
Print ISSN: 2731-7064
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7072
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-020-01310-w

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