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Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie 1/2020

10.12.2019 | Computertomografie | Leitthema

Bildgebung bei Patienten mit axialer Spondyloarthritis mit Fokus auf die Knochenneubildung

verfasst von: PD Dr. X. Baraliakos, J. Braun

Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie | Ausgabe 1/2020

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Zusammenfassung

Zusammenfassend haben die zur Verfügung stehenden bildgebenden Verfahren unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten, die für die axiale Spondyloarthritis (axSpA) pathognomonische Knochenneubildung darzustellen bzw. zum Teil sogar vorherzusagen. Die einzelnen bildgebenden Verfahren Röntgen, Computertomographie (CT) und Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) haben in der Diagnostik der axSpA Stärken und Schwächen. Das allgemein leicht verfügbare Röntgen informiert schnell über den Zustand größerer Skelettabschnitte, es zeigt allerdings v. a. die chronischen Stadien mit verschiedenen strukturellen Veränderungen an den Sakroiliakalgelenken (SIG) und Syndesmophyten und Ankylosen an der Wirbelsäule. Die CT, die prinzipiell die gleichen Kontraste wie das Röntgen hat, zeigt die pathologischen Verknöcherungen ebenfalls auf, allerdings überlagerungsfrei, mit besserer Detailauflösung und in höherer Dimensionalität. Die MRT hat einen überlegenen Weichteilkontrast, sodass akute Entzündungsstadien wie Knochenmarködeme und Erosionen an den Wirbelkörperkanten der Wirbelsäule („shiny corners“, Romanusläsion) bzw. Erosionen und Knochenmarködem an den SIG gut zu sehen sind. Knöcherne Umbauprozesse sind besser im Röntgen und v. a. in der CT zu sehen. Damit können sich Röntgen, CT und MRT in ihren Aussagen ergänzen. Im diagnostischen Algorithmus ist die Stellung der konventionellen Radiographie und der MRT gut etabliert, die Low-dose-CT der Wirbelsäule befindet sich weiterhin in Erprobung, erste Ergebnisse sind vielversprechend.
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Metadaten
Titel
Bildgebung bei Patienten mit axialer Spondyloarthritis mit Fokus auf die Knochenneubildung
verfasst von
PD Dr. X. Baraliakos
J. Braun
Publikationsdatum
10.12.2019
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie / Ausgabe 1/2020
Print ISSN: 0340-1855
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1250
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-019-00732-y

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