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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor

Vom Nervenwachstumsfaktor zum Plastizitätsmodulator bei kognitiven Prozessen und psychischen Erkrankungen

verfasst von: Dr. C. Laske, G. W. Eschweiler

Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt | Ausgabe 5/2006

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Zusammenfassung

Der „brain-derived neurotrophic factor“ (BDNF) gehört zur Familie der Neurotrophine und spielt eine wichtige Rolle beim axonalen und dendritischen Wachstum von Neuronen und der Gehirnplastizität. Die Proform von BDNF (pro-BDNF) wird in den synaptischen Spalt ausgeschüttet und dort durch die Protease Plasmin zum maturen BDNF abgebaut. BDNF fördert die synaptische Plastizität und eine Langzeitpotenzierung. Neuere Untersuchungsergebnisse deuten auf eine Beteiligung von BDNF und dessen genetischer funktioneller Polymorphismen bei der Pathogenese verschiedener psychischer Erkrankungen wie z. B. Depression, Manie, Schizophrenie, Essstörungen, Demenz und Huntington-Erkrankung hin. Die BDNF-Konzentration im Gehirn, aber auch im Serum wird durch verschiedene Faktoren beeinflusst. Sie ist z. B. durch Stress vermindert und wird durch Lernprozesse, verschiedene antidepressive Therapiemodalitäten, körperliche Aktivität und Diät erhöht. Die Bestimmung der BDNF-Serumspiegel könnte diagnostische Bedeutung erlangen. Daneben könnte die gezielte Beeinflussung der BDNF-Verfügbarkeit durch verschiedene Maßnahmen eine Relevanz zur Therapie und möglicherweise auch zur Prävention oben genannter psychischer Krankheitsbilder gewinnen.

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Titel: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
Vom Nervenwachstumsfaktor zum Plastizitätsmodulator bei kognitiven Prozessen und psychischen Erkrankungen
verfasst von: Dr. C. Laske
G. W. Eschweiler
Publikationsdatum: 01.05.2006
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt / Ausgabe 5/2006
Print ISSN: 0028-2804
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0407
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-005-1971-0

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