Background
Method
Recruitment of participants and data collection
Instrument
Analysis of the data
Data screening process
Statistical analysis
Results
Participants’ characteristics
Participants; n = 1101 (%) or (SD/min – max) | |
---|---|
Gender | |
Male | 949 (86.2) |
Female | 152 (13.8) |
Age in years | |
≤ 29 | 439 (39.9) |
30–39 | 367 (33.3) |
40–49 | 205 (18.6) |
≥ 50 | 90 (8.2) |
Experience in EMS in years | |
Mean | 12.34 (9.11/0.5–42) |
Experience in current EMS-area in years | |
Mean | 9.01 (8.22/0–42) |
Level of EMS-qualification* | |
Paramedic ‘Notfallsanitäter’ | 121 (11.0) |
Paramedic ‘Rettungsassistent’ | 818 (74.3) |
EMT-I ‘Rettungssanitäter’ | 115 (10.4) |
EMT-B ‘Rettungshelfer’ | 4 (0.4) |
Other | 43 (3.9) |
Employment relationship | |
Full-time | 986 (89.6) |
Part-time | 94 (8.5) |
Voluntary | 21 (1.9) |
Satisfaction | |
Satisfaction in the current job | 591 (53.7) |
Satisfaction with wages | 266 (24.2) |
Satisfaction with the professional status | 371 (33.7) |
Intention to leave/Recommendation | |
No intention to leave the current job within the next year as a result of job dissatisfaction | 500 (45.4) |
Recommendation of the current EMS-area as a good place to work | 509 (46.2) |
Descriptive results regarding the degree of burnout and safety outcomes
Safety outcome measures | N(%) N = 1101 |
---|---|
Injury | |
Yes | 398 (36,2) |
No | 703 (63,9) |
Error and adverse events | |
Yes | 811 (73,7) |
No | 290 (26,3) |
Greatest contributing factors | |
Did not print and properly interpret a 6 in. EKG strip | 357 (44,0) |
Made patient with chest pain ambulate instead of using stretcher | 322 (39,7) |
Did not administer necessary treatment for specific condition/malady | 257 (31,7) |
Did not establish an IV after two attempts | 190 (23,4) |
Did not check glucose level in a patient with altered mental status | 135 (16,6) |
Safety Comprising Behavior | |
Yes | 1094 (99,4) |
No | 7 (0,6) |
Greatest contributing factors | |
Greatly exceeded speed limit while responding lights and sirens | 876 (80,0) |
Exceeded speed limit while routinely driving | 790 (72,2) |
Did not complete pre-shift check of equipment and medications | 760 (69,5) |
Did not restock the ambulance before a call or shift | 742 (67,8) |
Overly stressed during a shift | 728 (66,5) |
MBI | Emotional Exhaustion | Depersonalisation | Personal Accomplishment | |
---|---|---|---|---|
EMS-SI | ||||
Injury | 0.2109* | 0.1895* | − 0.0409 | |
Error and Adverse Events | 0.1605* | 0.2679* | − 0.1562* | |
Safety Comprimising Behavior | 0.4355* | 0.4052* | − 0.1717* |
Regression results
Injury | Error and Adverse Events | Safety-Compromising Behavior | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Odds Ratio | 95% CI | Odds Ratio | 95% CI | Coefficient | 95% CI | |
Burnout | ||||||
Emotional Exhaustion | 1.48225** | 1.07–2.05 | 1.04878 | .72–1.54 | .892386*** | .40–1.39 |
Depersonalization | 1.53438*** | 1.16–2.03 | 1.57450*** | 1.13–2.19 | 1.20405*** | .78–1.62 |
Age | ||||||
30–39 | .721825* | .49–1.06 | .570877*** | .38–.87 | −.908149*** | −1.43 - -.38 |
40–49 | .746867 | .40–1.39 | .371898*** | .19–.71 | −1.71182*** | −2.59 - -.84 |
> =50 | .342833** | .13–0.92 | .296491** | .11–.80 | −3.57810*** | −4.91 - -2.25 |
Gender | 1.05635 | .72–1.54 | .827610 | .54–1.26 | −.3577269 | −.89–.17 |
Experience in EMS | 1.04295** | 1.01–1.08 | 1.00161 | .97–1.03 | .0453481** | .001–.09 |
Full-time | 1.33335 | .86–2.07 | 1.39728 | .89–2.20 | .2312638 | −.41–.88 |
Satisfaction | ||||||
Satisfaction current job | 1.15952 | .85–1.59 | 1.24126 | .88–1.76 | −.4735402** | −.93 - -.01 |
Satisfaction professional status | .826897 | .62–1.10 | .666836*** | .49–.91 | −.833566*** | −1.21 - -.45 |
Satisfaction Wages | 1.01309 | .73–1.40 | 1.22432 | .86–1.74 | −.2322153 | −.66–.19 |
Intention to leave/Recommendation | ||||||
No intention to leave | .659769** | .47–0.92 | .549649*** | .38–.79 | −.777390*** | −1.24 - -.31 |
Recommendation | 1.07947 | .78–1.50 | 1.40473* | .97–2.02 | −.656998*** | −1.11 - -.20 |
Level of EMS-qualification | ||||||
Paramedic ‘Notfallsanitaeter’ | .562515 | .27–1.18 | 1.12939 | .51–2.51 | −.1906393 | −1.35 - .97 |
Paramedic ‘Rettungsassistent’ | .653700 | .35–1.23 | 1.24601 | .62–2.50 | −.100563 | −1.10 - .90 |
EMT I ‘Rettungssanitaeter’ | .738753 | .36–1.51 | 1.15101 | .52–2.55 | −.6527509 | −1.77 - .46 |
Constant | .399562** | .16–.98 | 3.24927** | 1.22–8.63 | 9.20007*** | 7.77–10.63 |