Background
Methods
Institutional protocol
Staged procedure
Simultaneous procedure
Data acquisition
Study parameters
Statistical analysis
Results
Demographic data
Characteristic | CEA1 | No-CEA | p |
---|---|---|---|
Female sex | 34 (32%) | 10 (14%) | 0.0121* |
Age (years) | 71 (±1) | 71 (±1) | 0.7101 |
Diabetes mellitus | 46 (43%) | 31 (46%) | 0.8758 |
Dyslipoproteinemia | 37 (35%) | 35 (51%) | 0.0401* |
Arterial hypertension | 15 (14%) | 11 (16%) | 0.8280 |
Nicotine abuse | |||
Current smoker | 7 (7%) | 8 (12%) | 0.0963 |
Prior smoker | 23 (22%) | 22 (32%) | |
No smoker | 76 (72%) | 38 (56%) | |
History of stroke | 16 (15%) | 10 (15%) | 0.9441 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 19 (18%) | 17 (25%) | 0.3376 |
Preoperative dialysis | 3 (3%) | 1 (1%) | 1.0 |
Ejection fraction (%) | 51 (±1) | 50 (±2) | 0.4129 |
Grade of carotid stenosis (%) | 83 (±1) | 71 (±1) | < 0.0001* |
Preoperative patient status | |||
elective | 81 (76%) | 46 (68%) | 0.2037 |
urgent | 25 (24%) | 22 (32%) | |
OPCAB | 18 (17%) | 15 (22%) | 0.4324 |
Outcome
Postoperative outcome | CEA1 | No-CEA | p |
---|---|---|---|
In-hospital mortality | 2 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 0.5211 |
In-hospital stroke | 0 (0%) | 5 (7.4%) | 0.0083* |
In-hospital TIA | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) | 0.2105 |
Any neurological event | 0 | 6 (9%) | 0.0019* |
Myocardial infarction | 1 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 1.0 |
IMC2/ICU3 stay | 7 (±1) | 9 (±1) | 0.1542 |
Resternotomy | 5 (5%) | 5 (7%) | 0.5153 |
Dysphagia | 5 (5%) | 8 (12%) | 0.1367 |
Nerve injuries | 2 (2%) | 1 (1%) | 1.0 |
Delirium | 14 (13%) | 14 (21%) | 0.2106 |
Atrial fibrillation | 20 (19%) | 19 (28%) | 0.1931 |
No. | Stenosis grade | Atrial fibrillation | Symptom onset (days after extubation) | Initial NIHSS1 score | Therapy | mRS2 score at dis-charge |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 60% | No | 0 | 5 | conservative | 0 |
2 | 70% | No | 0 | 20 | conservative | 5 |
3 | 80% | No | 3 | 7 | CAS3 | 2 |
4 | 90% | No | 2 | 8 | CEA4 | 0 |
5 | 70%, exulcerated plaque | No | 0 | 14 | conservative | 4 |
Postoperative outcome | Staged CEA1 | Simultaneous CEA | p |
---|---|---|---|
In-hospital mortality | 1 (2%) | 1 (2%) | 1.0 |
In-hospital stroke | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | – |
Perioperative myocardial infarction | 0 (0%) | 1 (2%) | 1.0 |
Revision/neck haematoma | 0 (0%) | 1 (2%) | 1.0 |
IMC2/ICU3 stay | 9 (±2) | 5 (±1) | 0.4233 |
Resternotomy | 3 (7%) | 2 (3%) | 0.6470 |
Dysphagia | 2 (5%) | 3 (5%) | 1.0 |
Nerve injuries | 0 (0%) | 2 (3%) | 0.5098 |
Delirium | 5 (11%) | 9 (15%) | 0.7742 |
Atrial fibrillation | 7 (16%) | 13 (21%) | 0.6179 |