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Erschienen in: European Journal of Applied Physiology 11-12/2016

22.10.2016 | Original Article

Changes in resting mitogen-activated protein kinases following resistance exercise overreaching and overtraining

verfasst von: Justin X. Nicoll, Andrew C. Fry, Andrew J. Galpin, Adam J. Sterczala, Donald B. Thomason, Christopher A. Moore, Lawrence W. Weiss, Loren Z. F. Chiu

Erschienen in: European Journal of Applied Physiology | Ausgabe 11-12/2016

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Abstract

Purpose

Many physiological maladaptations persist after overreaching and overtraining resistance exercise (RE). However, no studies have investigated changes in mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) after overtraining in humans, despite their critical role regulating exercise-induced muscular adaptations. The purpose of this study was to describe the changes in total and resting phosphorylation status of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38-MAPK following a period of RE overreaching or overtraining.

Methods

Following 2–4 weeks of normal training (low volume/low intensity), two groups of males performed either a high-power overreaching protocol (HPOR n = 6, mean ± SD, age 23 ± 3.4 years, mass 86.5 ± 17.7 kg, height 1.77 ± 0.06 m) or high-intensity overtraining protocol (HIOT n = 8, age 19.8 ± 1.8 years, mass 76.8 ± 6.7 kg, height 1.8 ± 0.06 m). Resting muscle biopsies were obtained at baseline (BL; end of normal training period) and 24 h after the final session of stressful training (i.e., HPOR or HIOT programs). Total MAPK and ratio of phosphorylated/total (p-MAPK)- ERK1/2, JNK, and p38-MAPK were analyzed via western blotting. 2 × 2 (group × time) ANOVA determined differences in MAPK between BL and post-training protocols.

Results

Compared to BL, total-ERK increased after HPOR, but decreased after HIOT (p ≤ 0.05). p-ERK1/2/total-ERK increased after HIOT (p ≤ 0.05). The ratio of p-JNK/total-JNK and p-ERK1/2/total-ERK decreased after HPOR (p ≤ 0.05); however, this result was primarily due to increased total MAPK content. p-p38-MAPK decreased after HPOR (p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion

Total and p-MAPK are differentially expressed after HPOR and HIOT RE. These changes are likely involved in the maladaptation reported in overreaching and overtraining exercise. This is the first study describing altered MAPK in RE overtrained and overreached humans.
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Metadaten
Titel
Changes in resting mitogen-activated protein kinases following resistance exercise overreaching and overtraining
verfasst von
Justin X. Nicoll
Andrew C. Fry
Andrew J. Galpin
Adam J. Sterczala
Donald B. Thomason
Christopher A. Moore
Lawrence W. Weiss
Loren Z. F. Chiu
Publikationsdatum
22.10.2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
European Journal of Applied Physiology / Ausgabe 11-12/2016
Print ISSN: 1439-6319
Elektronische ISSN: 1439-6327
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-016-3492-x

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