Background
Methods
Materials collection
Extract preparation
Phytochemical screening
Synthesis of silver nanoparticles
Preparation of Ag-extract-NPs
Coating of Ag-extract-NPs by polyaniline
Characterization studies
Test microorganisms
Antimicrobial activity using Kirby-Bauer’s disc diffusion method
Statistical analysis
Result and discussion
Phytochemical composition of M. charantia
Phytochemical | Test name | Aqueous extract of M. charantia
|
---|---|---|
Alkaloid | Meyer Test | + |
Wagner Test | ++ | |
Phenolic | Ferric Chloride Test | + |
Lead Acetate Test | ++ | |
Tanins | Ferric Chloride Test | + |
Potassium Dicromate Test | − | |
Saponin | Froth’s Test | ++ |
Glycoside | Keller Kilani Test | + |
Protein | Xanthroprotic Test | + |
Reducing Sugar | Fehling’s Test | + |
Phytosterol | Liebermann-Burchard’s Test | _ |
Characterization of AgNPs
Assessment of AgNPs through visual assessment
Assessment of AgNPs by UV spectrum
Assessment of Ag-extract-NPs through FTIR spectra
Assessment of Ag-extract-NPs by SEM and TEM imaging
Assessment of in-vitro antibacterial activity
Items | Zone of inhibition (mm) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
S. aureus
|
S. typhi
|
E. coli
|
P. aeruginosa
| |
ATCC 25923 | ATCC 14028 | ATCC 25922 | ATCC 27853 | |
M. charantia extract (50 μg/ml) | 16.6 ± 0.5*** | 8 ± 0.3*** | 28.0 ± 0.9* | 20.6 ± 0.7*** |
AgNPs (50 μg/ml) | 14.4 ± 0.5*** | 6.4 ± 0.4*** | 20.6 ± 0.9*** | 20.0 ± 0.6*** |
Ag-Extract-NPs (50 μg/ml) | 24.8 ± 0.7*** | 7.4 ± 0.4*** | 34.6 ± 0.8*** | 26.4 ± 0.4* |
Ciprofloxacin (20 μg/ml) | 23.2 ± 0.4 | 21.4 ± 0.5 | 25.6 ± 0.5 | 25.2 ± 0.4 |