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Erschienen in: Der Unfallchirurg 11/2016

14.09.2016 | Fibrinolytika | In der Diskussion

Unkritischer Gebrauch von Tranexamsäure bei Traumapatienten

Do no further harm!

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. M. Maegele

Erschienen in: Die Unfallchirurgie | Ausgabe 11/2016

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Zusammenfassung

Auf Grundlage der CRASH-2-Studie wird das Antifibrinolytikum Tranexamsäure (TXA) zum frühen Einsatz bei Traumapatienten mit Blutung oder Risiko für eine signifikante Blutung empfohlen und viele Traumazentren und prähospitale Rettungssysteme haben diese Praxis in ihre Behandlungsalgorithmen aufgenommen. Die Schwächen der CRASH-2-Studie sind bekannt und Nachfolgeuntersuchungen konnten die positiven Effekte dieser Studie mitunter nicht reproduzieren. Der genaue Wirkmechanismus von TXA im Traumakontext ist nach wie vor unklar und substanzielle Wissenslücken im Umgang mit TXA beim Trauma sind beschrieben. Komponentenanalysen belegen inzwischen unterschiedliche Phänotypen der akuten traumatischen Gerinnungsstörung und aktuelle Daten zeigen, dass möglicherweise der häufigste Phänotyp der Fibrinolyse nach schwerem Trauma bei Schockraumaufnahme nicht, wie ursprünglich angenommen, die Hyperfibrinolyse ist, sondern die als sogenanntes „Shutdown“ bezeichnete Hypofibrinolyse (64 %). Viskoelastische Testverfahren (z. B. ROTEM®) bieten aktuell die beste Möglichkeit, den in der Akutphase vorliegenden Phänotyp der Fibrinolysestörung zu erfassen, und könnten möglicherweise die selektive und gezieltere Gabe von TXA unterstützen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Unkritischer Gebrauch von Tranexamsäure bei Traumapatienten
Do no further harm!
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. M. Maegele
Publikationsdatum
14.09.2016
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Unfallchirurgie / Ausgabe 11/2016
Print ISSN: 2731-7021
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-703X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00113-016-0236-7

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