Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Die Onkologie 2/2022

13.04.2022 | Chronische lymphatische Leukämie | Facharzt-Training

72/m mit Zufallsbefund einer Lymphozytose

Vorbereitung auf die Facharztprüfung: Fall 34

verfasst von: Dr. med. Petra Langerbeins, Barbara Eichhorst, Michael Hallek

Erschienen in: Die Onkologie | Sonderheft 2/2022

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Auszug

Ein 72-jähriger Patient (180 cm, 85 kg) stellt sich zum jährlichen Check-up beim Hausarzt vor. Ihm geht es ausgezeichnet, und der Patient ist sportlich aktiv (regelmäßiges Fahrradfahren, Walking). Bei Cholesterinämie und arterieller Hypertonie nimmt der Patient Simvastatin 10 mg und Ramipril 5 mg ein. Im Routinelabor zeigt sich eine Leukozytose von 61,01 × 109/l mit einem auffällig hohen Anteil an Lymphozyten (55 %) sowie eine diskrete Thrombopenie von 125 × 109/l. In der klinischen Untersuchung tasten Sie zervikal rechts kleine Lymphknoten von maximal 1 cm. Weitere Auffälligkeiten bestehen nicht (Tab. 1).
Tab. 1
Zufallsbefund Leukozytose
Klinische Chemie
Normbereich
Einheit
Vorliegender Fall
Natrium
135–145
mmol/l
144
Kalium
3,6–4,8
mmol/l
4,3
Chlorid
94–110
mmol/l
105
Glukose
74–109
mg/dl
98
Calcium
1,93–2,60
mmol/l
2,41
Kreatinin
0,50–1,10
mg/dl
0,75
GPT (ALT)
< 50
U/l
26
AP
40–130
U/l
61
Bilirubin (gesamt)
< 1,2
mg/dl
0,4
LDH
< 250
U/l
216
CRP
< 5,0
mg/l
< 3
Geschätzte GFR (nach CKD-EPI 2009)
ml/min
95
Leukozyten
4,4–11,0
× 109/l
*61,01↑
Erythrozyten
4,5–5,9
× 109/l
5,0
Hämoglobin
13,5–18,0
g/dl
15,5
Hämatokrit
42–50
%
44
MCV
80–96
fl
88
MCH
28–34
pg
31
MCHC
31–37
g/di
35
Ery-Verteilungsbreite
11,5–14,5
%
14,1
Thrombozyten
150–400
× 109/l
125↓
GFR glomeruläre Filtrationsrate, CKD-EPI Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Hallek M, Cheson BD, Catovsky D et al (2018) iwCLL guidelines for diagnosis, indications for treatment, response assessment, and supportive management of CLL. Blood 131:2745–2760CrossRef Hallek M, Cheson BD, Catovsky D et al (2018) iwCLL guidelines for diagnosis, indications for treatment, response assessment, and supportive management of CLL. Blood 131:2745–2760CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat International CLL-IPI working group (2016) An international prognostic index for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL-IPI): a meta-analysis of individual patient data. Lancet Oncol 17:779–790CrossRef International CLL-IPI working group (2016) An international prognostic index for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL-IPI): a meta-analysis of individual patient data. Lancet Oncol 17:779–790CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Hallek M, Fischer K, Fingerle-Rowson G et al (2010) Addition of rituximab to fludarabine and cyclophosphamide in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet 376:1164–1174CrossRef Hallek M, Fischer K, Fingerle-Rowson G et al (2010) Addition of rituximab to fludarabine and cyclophosphamide in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet 376:1164–1174CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Eichhorst B, Fink AM, Bahlo J et al (2016) First-line chemoimmunotherapy with bendamustine and rituximab versus fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab in patients with advanced chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL10): an international, open-label, randomised, phase 3, non-inferiority trial. Lancet Oncol 17:928–942CrossRef Eichhorst B, Fink AM, Bahlo J et al (2016) First-line chemoimmunotherapy with bendamustine and rituximab versus fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab in patients with advanced chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL10): an international, open-label, randomised, phase 3, non-inferiority trial. Lancet Oncol 17:928–942CrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Fischer K, Bahlo J, Fink AM et al (2016) Long-term remissions after FCR chemoimmunotherapy in previously untreated patients with CLL: updated results of the CLL8 trial. Blood 127:208–215CrossRef Fischer K, Bahlo J, Fink AM et al (2016) Long-term remissions after FCR chemoimmunotherapy in previously untreated patients with CLL: updated results of the CLL8 trial. Blood 127:208–215CrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Goede V, Fischer K, Busch R et al (2014) Obinutuzumab plus chlorambucil in patients with CLL and coexisting conditions. N Engl J Med 370:1101–1110CrossRef Goede V, Fischer K, Busch R et al (2014) Obinutuzumab plus chlorambucil in patients with CLL and coexisting conditions. N Engl J Med 370:1101–1110CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Shanafelt TD, Wang XV, Kay NE et al (2019) Ibrutinib-Rituximab or Chemoimmunotherapy for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. N Engl J Med 381:432–443CrossRef Shanafelt TD, Wang XV, Kay NE et al (2019) Ibrutinib-Rituximab or Chemoimmunotherapy for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. N Engl J Med 381:432–443CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Woyach JA, Ruppert AS, Heerema NA et al (2018) Ibrutinib Regimens versus Chemoimmunotherapy in Older Patients with Untreated CLL. N Engl J Med 379:2517–2528CrossRef Woyach JA, Ruppert AS, Heerema NA et al (2018) Ibrutinib Regimens versus Chemoimmunotherapy in Older Patients with Untreated CLL. N Engl J Med 379:2517–2528CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Moreno C, Greil R, Demirkan F et al (2019) Ibrutinib plus obinutuzumab versus chlorambucil plus obinutuzumab in first-line treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (iLLUMINATE): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 20:43–56CrossRef Moreno C, Greil R, Demirkan F et al (2019) Ibrutinib plus obinutuzumab versus chlorambucil plus obinutuzumab in first-line treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (iLLUMINATE): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 20:43–56CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang XV, Hanson CA, Tschumper RC, Lesnick CE, Braggio E, Paietta EM, O’Brien S, Barrientos JC, Leis JF, Zhang CC, Coutre SE, Barr PM, Cashen AF, Mato AR, Singh AK, Mullane MP, Erba H, Stone R, Litzow MR, Tallman MS, Shanafelt TD, Kay NE (2021) Measurable residual disease does not preclude prolonged progression-free survival in CLL treated with ibrutinib. Blood 138(26):2810–2827CrossRef Wang XV, Hanson CA, Tschumper RC, Lesnick CE, Braggio E, Paietta EM, O’Brien S, Barrientos JC, Leis JF, Zhang CC, Coutre SE, Barr PM, Cashen AF, Mato AR, Singh AK, Mullane MP, Erba H, Stone R, Litzow MR, Tallman MS, Shanafelt TD, Kay NE (2021) Measurable residual disease does not preclude prolonged progression-free survival in CLL treated with ibrutinib. Blood 138(26):2810–2827CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Sharman JP, Egyed M, Jurczak W et al (2020) Acalabrutinib with or without obinutuzumab versus chlorambucil and obinutuzmab for treatment-naive chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (ELEVATE TN): a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet 395:1278–1291CrossRef Sharman JP, Egyed M, Jurczak W et al (2020) Acalabrutinib with or without obinutuzumab versus chlorambucil and obinutuzmab for treatment-naive chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (ELEVATE TN): a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet 395:1278–1291CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Fischer K, Al-Sawaf O, Bahlo J et al (2019) Venetoclax and obinutuzumab in patients with CLL and coexisting conditions. N Engl J Med 380:2225–2236CrossRef Fischer K, Al-Sawaf O, Bahlo J et al (2019) Venetoclax and obinutuzumab in patients with CLL and coexisting conditions. N Engl J Med 380:2225–2236CrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat O’Brien S, Jones JA, Coutre SE et al (2016) Ibrutinib for patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukaemia with 17p deletion (RESONATE-17): a phase 2, open-label, multicentre study. Lancet Oncol 17:1409–1418CrossRef O’Brien S, Jones JA, Coutre SE et al (2016) Ibrutinib for patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukaemia with 17p deletion (RESONATE-17): a phase 2, open-label, multicentre study. Lancet Oncol 17:1409–1418CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Stilgenbauer S, Eichhorst B, Schetelig J et al (2016) Venetoclax in relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukaemia with 17p deletion: a multicentre, open-label, phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol 17:768–778CrossRef Stilgenbauer S, Eichhorst B, Schetelig J et al (2016) Venetoclax in relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukaemia with 17p deletion: a multicentre, open-label, phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol 17:768–778CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Sivina M, Kim E, Wierda WG, Ferrajoli A, Jain N, Thompson P, Kantarjian H, Keating M, Burger JA (2021) Ibrutinib induces durable remissions in treatment-naïve patients with CLL and 17p deletion and/or TP53 mutations. Blood 138(24):2589–2592CrossRef Sivina M, Kim E, Wierda WG, Ferrajoli A, Jain N, Thompson P, Kantarjian H, Keating M, Burger JA (2021) Ibrutinib induces durable remissions in treatment-naïve patients with CLL and 17p deletion and/or TP53 mutations. Blood 138(24):2589–2592CrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Rigg RA, Aslan JE, Healy LD et al (2016) Oral administration of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors impairs GPVI-mediated platelet function. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 310:C373–C380CrossRef Rigg RA, Aslan JE, Healy LD et al (2016) Oral administration of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors impairs GPVI-mediated platelet function. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 310:C373–C380CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Brown JR, Moslehi J, Ewer MS et al (2019) Incidence of and risk factors for major haemorrhage in patients treated with ibrutinib: an integrated analysis. Br J Haematol 184:558–569CrossRef Brown JR, Moslehi J, Ewer MS et al (2019) Incidence of and risk factors for major haemorrhage in patients treated with ibrutinib: an integrated analysis. Br J Haematol 184:558–569CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Brown JR, Moslehi J, O’Brien S et al (2017) Characterization of atrial fibrillation adverse events reported in ibrutinib randomized controlled registration trials. Haematologica 102:1796–1805CrossRef Brown JR, Moslehi J, O’Brien S et al (2017) Characterization of atrial fibrillation adverse events reported in ibrutinib randomized controlled registration trials. Haematologica 102:1796–1805CrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Lampson BL, Yu L, Glynn RJ et al (2017) Ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death in patients taking ibrutinib. Blood 129:2581–2584CrossRef Lampson BL, Yu L, Glynn RJ et al (2017) Ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death in patients taking ibrutinib. Blood 129:2581–2584CrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Byrd JC, Hillmen P, Ghia P, Kater AP, Chanan-Khan A, Furman RR, O’Brien S, Yenerel MN, Illés A, Kay N, Garcia-Marco JA, Mato A, Pinilla-Ibarz J, Seymour JF, Lepretre S, Stilgenbauer S, Robak T, Rothbaum W, Izumi R, Hamdy A, Patel P, Higgins K, Sohoni S, Jurczak W. Acalabrutinib versus ibrutinib in previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia: results of the first randomized phase III trial. J Clin Oncol 39(31):3441–3452. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.21.01210 Byrd JC, Hillmen P, Ghia P, Kater AP, Chanan-Khan A, Furman RR, O’Brien S, Yenerel MN, Illés A, Kay N, Garcia-Marco JA, Mato A, Pinilla-Ibarz J, Seymour JF, Lepretre S, Stilgenbauer S, Robak T, Rothbaum W, Izumi R, Hamdy A, Patel P, Higgins K, Sohoni S, Jurczak W. Acalabrutinib versus ibrutinib in previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia: results of the first randomized phase III trial. J Clin Oncol 39(31):3441–3452. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1200/​JCO.​21.​01210
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Roberts AW, Davids MS, Pagel JM et al (2016) Targeting BCL2 with venetoclax in relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med 374:311–322CrossRef Roberts AW, Davids MS, Pagel JM et al (2016) Targeting BCL2 with venetoclax in relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med 374:311–322CrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Byrd JC, Brown JR, O’Brien S et al (2014) Ibrutinib versus ofatumumab in previously treated chronic lymphoid leukemia. N Engl J Med 371:213–223CrossRef Byrd JC, Brown JR, O’Brien S et al (2014) Ibrutinib versus ofatumumab in previously treated chronic lymphoid leukemia. N Engl J Med 371:213–223CrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Chanan-Khan A, Cramer P, Demirkan F et al (2016) Ibrutinib combined with bendamustine and rituximab compared with placebo, bendamustine, and rituximab for previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma (HELIOS): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 study. Lancet Oncol 17:200–211CrossRef Chanan-Khan A, Cramer P, Demirkan F et al (2016) Ibrutinib combined with bendamustine and rituximab compared with placebo, bendamustine, and rituximab for previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma (HELIOS): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 study. Lancet Oncol 17:200–211CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Ghia P, Pluta A, Wach M et al (2020) ASCEND: phase III, randomized trial of acalabrutinib versus idelalisib plus rituximab or bendamustine plus rituximab in relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Clin Oncol 38:2849–2861CrossRef Ghia P, Pluta A, Wach M et al (2020) ASCEND: phase III, randomized trial of acalabrutinib versus idelalisib plus rituximab or bendamustine plus rituximab in relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Clin Oncol 38:2849–2861CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Kater AP, Wu JQ, Kipps T et al (2020) Venetoclax plus rituximab in relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia: 4‑year results and evaluation of impact of genomic complexity and gene mutations from the MURANO phase III study. J Clin Oncol 38:4042–4054CrossRef Kater AP, Wu JQ, Kipps T et al (2020) Venetoclax plus rituximab in relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia: 4‑year results and evaluation of impact of genomic complexity and gene mutations from the MURANO phase III study. J Clin Oncol 38:4042–4054CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Furman RR, Sharman JP, Coutre SE et al (2014) Idelalisib and rituximab in relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med 370:997–1007CrossRef Furman RR, Sharman JP, Coutre SE et al (2014) Idelalisib and rituximab in relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med 370:997–1007CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
72/m mit Zufallsbefund einer Lymphozytose
Vorbereitung auf die Facharztprüfung: Fall 34
verfasst von
Dr. med. Petra Langerbeins
Barbara Eichhorst
Michael Hallek
Publikationsdatum
13.04.2022
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Onkologie / Ausgabe Sonderheft 2/2022
Print ISSN: 2731-7226
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7234
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-022-01139-2

Weitere Artikel der Sonderheft 2/2022

Die Onkologie 2/2022 Zur Ausgabe

Facharzt-Training

Weißes Blut

Update Onkologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.