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01.03.2014 | Original Article

Clinical and biological indicators of dental caries and periodontal disease in adolescents with or without obesity

verfasst von: Hani T. Fadel, Anthi Pliaki, Eva Gronowitz, Staffan Mårild, Per Ramberg, Gunnar Dahlèn, Tülay Yucel-Lindberg, Lars Heijl, Dowen Birkhed

Erschienen in: Clinical Oral Investigations | Ausgabe 2/2014

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Abstract

Objective

This study aims to assess clinical, microbiological and inflammatory parameters as indicators for caries and periodontal disease in adolescents with obesity.

Material and methods

Twenty-seven adolescents with obesity [body mass index (BMI) 37 ± 4 kg/m²] and 28 controls (BMI 20 ± 2 kg/m²) answered questionnaires and were investigated regarding salivary parameters, plaque pH drop after a 1-min glucose rinse, oral clinical parameters, inflammatory markers in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and sub-gingival mirobiota.

Results

Compared with controls, adolescents with obesity had a lower stimulated salivary secretion rate (1.55 ± 0.63 vs. 2.05 ± 1.05 mL/min, p < 0.05), higher concentrations of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) (p < 0.001), more decayed tooth surfaces (3.4 ± 6.6 vs. 0.8 ± 1.1, p < 0.05) and more gingivitis (p < 0.01) after controlling for possible confounders. Overall, similar snacking habits, plaque amounts and numbers of deep periodontal pockets were observed. Following the glucose rinse, a slightly more pronounced drop in plaque pH was observed in the obesity group (p > 0.05). No differences in sub-gingival inflammatory or microbial indicators were detected (p > 0.01).

Conclusions

More caries and gingival inflammation were observed in adolescents with obesity. Of the indicators tested, salivary secretion rate was lower and sIgA levels were higher in the obesity group. We are unable to confirm whether differences in caries and gingival inflammation are due to systemic changes that are associated with obesity or due to possible irregular dietary/oral hygiene habits.

Clinical relevance

Customised oral health preventive programmes and appropriate collaboration with medical personnel in selecting the best diet, medication and psychological support can help improve the general well-being, including oral health, of children with obesity. This may even reduce the risk of oral diseases.

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Titel: Clinical and biological indicators of dental caries and periodontal disease in adolescents with or without obesity
verfasst von: Hani T. Fadel
Anthi Pliaki
Eva Gronowitz
Staffan Mårild
Per Ramberg
Gunnar Dahlèn
Tülay Yucel-Lindberg
Lars Heijl
Dowen Birkhed
Publikationsdatum: 01.03.2014
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Clinical Oral Investigations / Ausgabe 2/2014
Print ISSN: 1432-6981
Elektronische ISSN: 1436-3771
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-013-0972-9

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Clinical and biological indicators of dental caries and periodontal disease in adolescents with or without obesity

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Objective

Material and methods

Results

Conclusions

Clinical relevance

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Abstract

Objective

Material and methods

Results

Conclusions

Clinical relevance

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