Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the 2024–2025 measles outbreak in Sarajevo Canton

Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, measles remains a significant global public health threat, particularly in regions with low vaccination coverage. The World Health Organization recommends at least 95% coverage with two doses of measles-containing vaccine to prevent outbreaks [1]. However, vaccine hesitancy, misinformation, and disruptions to health systems have led to recurrent surges worldwide, including in Europe [2, 3]. In Sarajevo Canton, measles vaccination follows the national Regulation on Mandatory Immunization and the Immunization Calendar issued by the Public Health Institute of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina [4]. MMR vaccination is mandatory for children aged 12 months to 14 years, beginning with a first dose at 12 months, to be completed by 18 months, followed by revaccination at 6 years of age. …