Comparative analysis of non-simultaneous bilateral fractures of the proximal femur

We performed a monocenter cohort study to determine surgical revision and mortality after sustaining an initial and a non-simultaneous contralateral proximal femoral fracture.

We identified all patients surgically treated for a contralateral femoral fracture between 2006 and 2015. Patient demographic characteristics and follow-up were identified by our electronic database; failed information regarding revision and mortality were obtained by telephone, as well as the evaluation of the mobility for all alive patients. The endpoint of the study was set for every patient at least 2 years postoperatively.

Within a total of 2296 patients, we identified 250 patients (10.8%) treated for a contralateral fracture. The mean interval between the two occurrences was 5.2 years and the mean age at the time of contralateral fracture was 84.4 years. Almost every third fracture occurred later than 5 years after the initial fracture, and even every tenth fracture later than 10 years. More than 50% of the patients also had dementia at this time. The total surgical revision rate was 17.2% after initial, and 20.4% after contralateral fracture, but this difference was statistically not significant (p = 0.31). However, revisions for infection or hematoma were more than twice after contralateral fracture (p = 0.006). The 1-year mortality rate was 36%, and dementia (log rank p < 0.001) and male gender (log rank p < 0.001) were significant negative predictors for the survival rate. After a mean of 42 months, the follow-up of the 67 alive patients recorded a mean Parker Score of 5.2 items.

Contralateral femoral fracture was accompanied by a higher revision and mortality rate—but patients were also 5 years older. Dementia and male gender were significant negative variables for the survival time. In the future, the highest priority will be the prophylaxis of falling to avoid or at least to decline the number of these fractures in geriatric patients.