Comparison of three different anti-Xa assays in major orthopedic surgery patients treated with fondaparinux

Anti-Xa assays are useful for monitoring the effects of selective anti-Xa drugs, such as fondaparinux, in the prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis. In the present study, anti-Xa activity was measured using three different assays, Testzym^® Heparin S, STA^®-Liquid Anti-Xa and HemosIL^® Liquid Heparin. Anti-Xa activity in each assay gradually increased from day one after administration to day eight, and still remained on day 15. Although there were significant differences in anti-Xa activity among the three assays, the activity showed significant correlation across assays. There were no significant differences in the anti-Xa activity between patients with and without DVT or between patients with and without massive bleeding on day one before and after administration, day four, day eight and day 15. Anti-Xa activity in each assay was weakly correlated with antithrombin (AT) activity. The AT activity in patients were significantly higher on days four, eight and 15 compared with day one before and after administration, suggesting that AT activity increases following the administration of fondaparinux. The three anti-Xa assay kits tested are useful for monitoring fondaparinux treatment in orthopedic surgery patients.