Introduction
Methods
Results
Clinical findings
Ethnicity | Auto-antibody profile | Other symptoms (besides arthritis) | Treatment if ever used | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | African/Afro-Caribbean | ANA, anti-RNP, anti-centromere, anti-Scl-70, anti-SS-A, anti-ds-DNA | Myositis, Raynaud, sclerodactyly, digital ulcerations, interstitial pulmonary involvement, nephritis | Hydroxychloroquine, MTX, MMF, prednisolone, RTX, etanercept, allogenic SCT |
2 | African/Afro-Caribbean | ANA, anti-RNP, anti-Sm, anti-Ro52, anti-ds-DNA, RF | Myositis, Raynaud, pleuritis, pericarditis, haemolytic anemia, nephritis, aphthous ulcers | Hydroxychloroquine, MTX, MMF, RTX, prednisolone, cyclophosphamide, belimumab |
3 | Asian | ANA, anti-RNP, anti-Sm, anti-Ro52, anti-ds-DNA, RF | Lymphadenopathy, haemolytic anemia, parotitis, nephritis | Hydroxychloroquine, MTX, prednisolone, RTX |
4 | Caucasian | ANA, anti-SS-A, anti-SS-B, anti-Ro52, RF | Sicca, parotitis | Hydroxychloroquine |
5 | Caucasian | ANA, anti-RNP, anti-ds-DNA | Autoimmune-mediated encephalopathy, leukopenia, aphthous ulcers | Hydroxychloroquine, MTX, MMF, RTX, prednisolone, IVIG, plasmapheresis |
6 | African/Afro-Caribbean | ANA, anti-RNP, anti-Sm, anti-ds-DNA | Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, haemolytic anemia | Hydroxychloroquine, MTX |
7 | North African/Middle east | ANA, anti-centromere A/anti-PM-Scl100 | Dermatomyositis | MTX, IVIG, prednisolone, RTX |
8 | Caucasian | ANA, anti-RNP | Raynaud | MTX |
9 | Caucasian | ANA, anti-RNP | Raynaud | Hydroxychloroquine, MTX |
10 | Caucasian | ANA | Cutaneous LE, leukopenia, aphthous ulcers | MTX, Plaquenil |