Background
Methods
Animals and sea water drowning
Continue venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH)
Plasma endothelin, IL-8, IL-6, and TNF-α
Lung
Statistical analysis
Results
Hemodynamic changes and survival
Baseline | 15 min | 60 min | 120 min | 180 min | 240 min | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mABP(mmHg)
| ||||||
Control | 153 ± 22 | 127 ± 27*
| 124 ± 35*
| 125 ± 28*
| 118 ± 41*
| 113 ± 50*
|
CVVH | 149 ± 25 | 128 ± 19*
| 126 ± 17*
| 132 ± 27 | 135 ± 15 | 134 ± 29 |
HR(beat/min)
| ||||||
Control | 194 ± 29 | 132 ± 39*
| 139 ± 24*
| 128 ± 22*
| 122 ± 28*
| 120 ± 39*
|
CVVH | 204 ± 33 | 146 ± 34*
| 134 ± 18*
| 136 ± 37*
| 138 ± 29*
| 128 ± 22*
|
CVP(cmH
2
O)
| ||||||
Control | 9.91 ± 1.43 | 9.03 ± 1.78 | 10.18 ± 1.71 | 10.52 ± 1.23 | 10.21 ± 1.43 | 9.37 ± 2.15 |
CVVH | 10.21 ± 2.62 | 9.73 ± 3.52 | 10.59 ± 4.28 | 11.19 ± 3.98 | 11.03 ± 4.87 | 11.28 ± 4.11 |
Osmolarity (mOs/kg)
| ||||||
Control | 291 ± 11 | 313 ± 13*
| 311 ± 7*
| 307 ± 10*
| 311 ± 4*
| 318 ± 6*
|
CVVH | 297 ± 15 | 312 ± 7*
| 316 ± 12*
| 315 ± 21*
| 326 ± 9*
#
| 332 ± 11*#
|
Blood gas and acid-base balance
Baseline | 15 min | 60 min | 120 min | 180 min | 240 min | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH
| ||||||
Control | 7.35 ± 0.03 | 7.23 ± 0.03*
| 7.22 ± 0.20*
| 7.21 ± 0.12*
| 7.18 ± 0.10*
| 7.16 ± 0.10*
|
CVVH | 7.37 ± 0.05 | 7.22 ± 0.09*
| 7.34 ± 0.08#
| 7.34 ± 0.06#
| 7.36 ± 0.05#
| 7.40 ± 0.08#
|
P
a
CO
2
(mmHg)
| ||||||
Control | 35.1 ± 1.21 | 35.17 ± 3.67 | 40.48 ± 7.03*
| 43.28 ± 5.21*
| 40.7 ± 5.14*
| 40.68 ± 5.83*
|
CVVH | 34.5 ± 2.32 | 31.53 ± 7.13 | 33.13 ± 8.29 | 37.23 ± 3.18 | 39.33 ± 7.35 | 38.22 ± 8.11 |
P
a
O
2
(mmHg)
| ||||||
Control | 102.4 ± 4.03 | 33.5 ± 4.03*
| 58.2 ± 11.2*
| 61.2 ± 8.67*
| 61.8 ± 10.0*
| 65.2 ± 7.88*
|
CVVH | 101.0 ± 2.73 | 36.4 ± 8.98*
| 61.6 ± 4.93*
| 68.1 ± 10.0*
| 76.0 ± 5.98*
#
| 86.5 ± 4.72#
|
AB (mmol/L)
| ||||||
Control | 21.4 ± 3.2 | 15.9 ± 4.0*
| 16.1 ± 3.6*
| 15.9 ± 3.8*
| 15.7 ± 2.6*
| 15.7 ± 3.9*
|
CVVH | 22.1 ± 3.7 | 15.6 ± 3.4*
| 16.4 ± 4.1*
| 18.2 ± 2.4 | 19.9 ± 3.8#
| 21.5 ± 2.4#
|
BE (mmol/L)
| ||||||
Control | –4.1 ± 0.9 | –11.2 ± 5.2*
| –11.1 ± 2.5*
| –11.9 ± 3.8*
| –12.3 ± 4.3*
| –13.1 ± 3.7*
|
CVVH | –4.8 ± 1.5 | –11.7 ± 3.8*
| –9.3 ± 3.2*
| –7.1 ± 2.8#
| –5.2 ± 1.7#
| –4.7 ± 2.9#
|
S
a
O
2
(%)
| ||||||
Control | 97.5 ± 0.92 | 53.9 ± 7.33*
| 75.6 ± 8.75*
| 80.9 ± 7.24*
| 84.4 ± 6.58*
| 86.6 ± 5.98*
|
CVVH | 98.6 ± 0.58 | 50.2 ± 10.95*
| 86.6 ± 5.71 | 90.9 ± 4.33#
| 92.7 ± 4.62#
| 94.9 ± 3.49#
|
IL-8,IL-6,TNF-α, Endothelin, and SOD
Baseline | 15 min | 120 min | 240 min | |
---|---|---|---|---|
IL-8
| ||||
Control | 81.83 ± 34.22 | 106.8 ± 17*
| 161.1 ± 48.6*
| 174.3 ± 59.7*
|
CVVH | 87.67 ± 15.77 | 111.4 ± 8.3*
| 91.01 ± 17.5#
| 85.37 ± 23.6#
|
IL-6
| ||||
Control | 219.4 ± 58.5 | 323.3 ± 96.1*
| 339.5 ± 106.5*
| 365.6 ± 119.5*
|
CVVH | 212.9 ± 33.0 | 378.5 ± 57.7*
| 249.9 ± 48.2 | 221.4 ± 27.8#
|
TNF-α
| ||||
Control | 53.82 ± 16.81 | 79.53 ± 9.48*
| 76.17 ± 8.11*
| 89.78 ± 10.5*
|
CVVH | 50.34 ± 15.10 | 83.21 ± 8.95*
| 63.52 ± 11.3#
| 61.43 ± 17.6#
|
Endothelin
| ||||
Control | 0.08 ± 0.05 | N/A | N/A | 0.19 ± 0.11*
|
CVVH | 0.09 ± 0.04 | N/A | N/A | 0.10 ± 0.04#
|